Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus among the indigenous population of the Curuçá and Itaquaí Rivers, Javari Valley, State of Amazonas, Brazil

Costa, Cristóvão Alves da; Kimura, Lucinete Okamura

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822012000400008

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This DSEI also presented high levels of the three vulnerability factors. In Vale do Javari, other studies have shown that indigenous populations are also affected by a substantially higher prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection [24]. Alto Javari is an extensive area characterized by a combination of isolated indigenous communities, strong illegal exploitation of natural resources and, more recently, intense drug trafficking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and syphilis in the context of community vulnerability among indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon

Benzaken

Sabidó

Brito

et al. 2017

Int J Equity Health

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BackgroundContextual factors shape the risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis. We estimated the prevalence of both infections among indigenous people in nine indigenous health districts of the Brazilian Amazon and examined the context of community vulnerability to acquiring these infections.MethodsWe trained 509 health care workers to screen sexually active populations in the community for syphilis and HIV using rapid testing (RT). We then assessed the prevalence of HIV and syphilis using RT. A multivariable analysis was used to identify factors associated with syphilis infection (sociodemographic, condom use, intrusion, population mobility, and violence).ResultsOf the 45,967 indigenous people tested, the mean age was 22.5 years (standard deviation: 9.2), and 56.5% were female. Overall, for HIV, the prevalence was 0.13% (57/43,221), and for syphilis, the prevalence was 1.82% (745/40,934). The prevalence in men, women, and pregnant women for HIV was 0.16%, 0.11%, and 0.07%, respectively, and for syphilis, it was 2.23%, 1.51%, and 1.52%, respectively. The district Vale do Javari had the highest prevalence of both infections (HIV: 3.38%, syphilis: 1.39%). This district also had the highest population mobility and intrusion and the lowest availability of prenatal services. Syphilis infection was independently associated with age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.05), male sex (OR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.14–1.52), and mobility (moderate: OR: 7.46, 95% CI: 2.69–20.67; high: OR 7.09, 95% CI: 3.79–13.26).ConclusionsThe large-scale integration of RT in remote areas increased case detection among pregnant women, especially for syphilis, in districts with higher vulnerability. Mobility is an important risk factor, especially in districts with higher vulnerability. Contextually appropriate approaches that address this factor could contribute to the long-term success of HIV and syphilis control programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and syphilis in the context of community vulnerability among indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon

Benzaken

Sabidó

Brito

et al. 2017

Int J Equity Health

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“…Las coinfecciones del VHB con los retrovirus como el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y el virus linfotrópico de células T humanas (HTLV, por sus siglas en inglés) tipo 1 y 2 hacen más compleja la prevención y el control de estas infecciones (7) , sobre todo en zonas rurales con poco acceso a los servicios de salud, como en las comunidades indígenas de la Amazonía (8) . En estas comunidades también se han descrito prevalencias de 5,9% y 3,8%…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Prevalencia de infección por los virus de la hepatitis B, D y por retrovirus en la etnia Matsés (Loreto, Peru)

Cabezas

Trujillo

Balbuena

et al. 2020

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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Para determinar la prevalencia de infección por los virus de la hepatitis B y D (VHB y VHD, respectivamente), VIH y HTLV-1/2 en la etnia matsés, después de la inmunización contra el VHB se realizó un estudio transversal y poblacional, utilizando pruebas de ELISA y qPCR en 963 pobladores. Las prevalencias de HBsAg, anti-HBc y anti-HBs fueron 3,3%, 36,0% y 58,7%, respectivamente. En el 3,1% de la población la carga viral fue mayor a 2000 UI/mL. En menores de 10 años, la prevalencia de HBsAg y anti-HBc fue 0,0% y 2,6%, respectivamente, mientras que en el 94,4% se encontraron anticuerpos protectores. La prevalencia de infección por el VIH y el HTLV-1/2 fue 1,5% y 0,6%, respectivamente. Se concluye que existen tasas bajas de infección por el VHB y el VHD en la población infantil de la etnia matsés. Asimismo, se confirma la presencia de infección por el VIH y el HTLV-1/2.

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“…This value is almost 20 times higher than the annual mean API in the Amazon region, in the same period (mean API: 11 cases/1,000 inhabitants) 3 . In 1994, the National Health Foundation reported an important number of deaths in the indigenous population that was initially attributed to hepatitis, but was later demonstrated to be malaria, the main cause of morbidity and mortality in that outbreak 21 , 23 . Sampaio et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria at international borders: challenges for elimination on the remote Brazil-Peru border

Palma-Cuero

Machado

Graça

et al. 2022

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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Understanding local epidemiology is essential to reduce the burden of malaria in complex contexts, such as Brazilian municipalities that share borders with endemic countries. A descriptive study of malaria in the period 2003 to 2020 was conducted using data from the Malaria Epidemiological Surveillance Information System related to a remote municipality with an extensive border with Peru to understand the disease transmission, focusing on the obstacles to its elimination. The transmission increases at the end of the rainy season. During the period of 18 years, 53,575 malaria cases were reported (Mean of API 224.7 cases/1,000), of which 11% were imported from Peru. Thirteen outbreaks of malaria were observed during the studied period, the last one in 2018. The highest burden of cases was caused by P. vivax (73.2%), but P. falciparum was also prevalent at the beginning of the study period (50% in 2006). Several changes in the epidemiological risk were observed: (1) the proportion of international imported cases of malaria changed from 30.7% in 2003 to 3.5% in 2020 (p<0.05); (2) indigenous people affected increased from 24.3% in 2003 to 89.5% in 2020 (p<0.0001); (3) infected children and adolescents < 15 years old increased from 50.2% in 2003 to 67.4% in 2020 (p<0.01); (4) the proportion of men decreased from 56.7% in 2003 to 50.4% in 2020 (p<0.01); (5) the likelihood of P. falciparum malaria has significantly declined (p<0.01). The number of cases and the incidence of malaria in 2019 and 2020 were the lowest in the period of 18 years. The burden of malaria in indigenous areas and its determinants, seasonality, geographical access and the long international border are obstacles for the elimination of malaria that must be overcome.

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Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus among the indigenous population of the Curuçá and Itaquaí Rivers, Javari Valley, State of Amazonas, Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

HIV and syphilis in the context of community vulnerability among indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon

HIV and syphilis in the context of community vulnerability among indigenous people in the Brazilian Amazon

Prevalencia de infección por los virus de la hepatitis B, D y por retrovirus en la etnia Matsés (Loreto, Peru)

Malaria at international borders: challenges for elimination on the remote Brazil-Peru border

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