Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus antibodies in blood donors in southern, Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a matter of concern for blood bank professionals and blood transfusion recipients, especially in cases of transfusions to neonates and immunocompromised patients. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of CMV IgG and IgM antibodies among blood donors in the City of Lages, in the mountain region of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, and to investigate possible associations between the socioeconomic characteristics of donors and CMV serological status. Methods: A seroepidemiological cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,045 blood samples from donors that were used in serological screening over a one-year investigation. All the analyses were conducted using the microparticle enzyme immunoassay with Biokit® reagents (Barcelona, Spain), in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Results: Anti-CMV IgG seroprevalence in the sample studied was 96.4% (95% CI: 95.23 -97.50) and that of anti-CMV IgM was 2.3% (95% CI: 1.39 -3.20). There were no statistically significant associations between the presence of antibodies and the socioeconomic characteristics of donors. Conclusions: The blood donors in the study region had high seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgG. Thus, blood component screening strategies and careful indication for blood transfusions require special attention among healthcare professionals as part of the actions for prevention and reduction of primary infections caused by CMV.

Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Healthy Blood Donors in Sana'a City, Yemen

“…This differs from previous studies, in which this antibody was more prevalent in older age ranges Brazil studies which showed a significantly increased seropositivity with increasing age of blood donors [14]. This may possibly due to earlier acquisition of CMV infection in Yemen in childhood compared to the western populations, leading to higher seroprevalence even in younger adults [10,19].…”

“…The seropositive for CMV IgG antibodies among Yemeni blood donors was 96.6% indicating past exposure to infection the high seroprevalence in Yemen and developing countries as India, Brazil and Nigeria is in contrast to Western literature which describes seroprevalence IgG in voluntary blood donors ranging from 38% to 75% in different parts of the developed world [13][14][15]. The high seroprevalence among Yemeni populations indicates the endemicity of infection.…”

“…This rate 96.6% is higher than that reported by other studies performed in Japan and India showed 84% and 61% of adults had the antibodies respectively [10,11]. On the other hand, WHO sponsored survey of complement-fixing antibodies against CMV and reported frequencies ranging from 40% in highly industrialized areas to 100% in developing countries of CMV-IgG antibodies [2,12].The seropositive for CMV IgG antibodies among Yemeni blood donors was 96.6% indicating past exposure to infection the high seroprevalence in Yemen and developing countries as India, Brazil and Nigeria is in contrast to Western literature which describes seroprevalence IgG in voluntary blood donors ranging from 38% to 75% in different parts of the developed world [13][14][15]. The high seroprevalence among Yemeni populations indicates the endemicity of infection.…”

The Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Eligible Blood Donors in Keffi, Nigeria

“…However, CMV is more common in developing countries and in people belonging to lower socio-economic status (Ojide et al, 2012;Arun et al, 2012). The seroprevalence of CMV is 80 -100% in Africa and Latin America (Souza et al, 2010). Like most other herpes viruses, CMV remains latent in the host after primary infection and persists for life in the organism.…”

Systematic Evaluation of Different Nucleic Acid Amplification Assays for Cytomegalovirus Detection: Feasibility of Blood Donor Screening

“…The seroprevalence rates of CMV antibodies among blood donors show geographic differences, ranging from 45.8% in Germany to 96.5% in Brazil (3,7). Primary CMV infections in blood donors occur in all age groups, with prevalence rates between 0.2 and 1.2% (3,6,8,9).…”