Detecção e tipagem de vírus dengue em Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) na Cidade de Manaus, Estado do Amazonas

Costa, Cristóvão Alves da; Santos, Ilia Gilmara Carvalho dos; Barbosa, Maria da Graça

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822009000600013

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…In Brazil, there have been reports of the isolation of DENV from populations of A. aegypti in Distrito Federal (Center-West region of Brazil) [37], in Nova Iguaçu (Rio de Janeiro State – Southeast region of Brazil) [30], and in Manaus (capital of Amazonas State – North region of Brazil) [29], [38]. However, these findings did not document the phenomenon of the vertical transmission of DENV in A. aegypti occurring in Brazil, since the females submitted to the virus isolation tests had not been deprived of blood feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Natural Vertical Transmission of Dengue-2 and Dengue-3 Viruses in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

et al. 2012

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Background Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus perform an important role in the transmission of the dengue virus to human populations, particularly in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Despite a lack of understanding in relation to the maintenance of the dengue virus in nature during interepidemic periods, the vertical transmission of the dengue virus in populations of A. aegypti and A. albopictus appears to be of significance in relation to the urban scenario of Fortaleza. Methods From March 2007 to July 2009 collections of larvae and pupae of Aedes spp were carried out in 40 neighborhoods of Fortaleza. The collections yielded 3,417 (91%) A. aegypti mosquitoes and 336 (9%) A. albopictus mosquitoes. Only pools containing females, randomly chosen, were submitted to the following tests indirect immunofluorescence (virus isolation), RT-PCR/nested-PCR and nucleotide sequencing at the C-prM junction of the dengue virus genome. Results The tests on pool 34 (35 A. albopictus mosquitoes) revealed with presence of DENV-3, pool 35 (50 A. aegypti mosquitoes) was found to be infected with DENV-2, while pool 49 (41 A. albopictus mosquitoes) revealed the simultaneous presence of DENV-2 and DENV-3. Based on the results obtained, there was a minimum infection rate of 0.5 for A. aegypti and 9.4 for A. albopictus. The fragments of 192 bp and 152 bp related to DENV-3, obtained from pools 34 and 49, was registered in GenBank with the access codes HM130699 and JF261696, respectively. Conclusions This study recorded the first natural evidence of the vertical transmission of the dengue virus in populations of A. aegypti and A. albopictus collected in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil, opening a discuss on the epidemiological significance of this mechanism of viral transmission in the local scenario, particularly with respect to the maintenance of these viruses in nature during interepidemic periods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Natural Vertical Transmission of Dengue-2 and Dengue-3 Viruses in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

et al. 2012

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“…2004; Xi et al 2008; Costa et al 2009; Fragkoudis et al 2009; Smartt et al 2009; Souza-Neto et al 2009; Bartholomay et al 2010). Symbiotes and commensal microbes interact with the immune system and affect susceptibility and transmission of pathogens in a wide range of vector species (reviewed by Weiss and Aksoy 2011), providing a mechanism for community-level feedback into individual processes.…”

Section: Transmission Between Vertebrate Hosts and Mosquitoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Horton Hear the Whos? The Importance of Scale in Mosquito-Borne Disease

et al. 2014

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The epidemiology of vector-borne pathogens is determined by mechanisms and interactions at different scales of biological organization, from individual-level cellular processes to community interactions between species and with the environment. Most research, however, focuses on one scale or level with little integration between scales or levels within scales. Understanding the interactions between levels and how they influence our perception of vector-borne pathogens is critical. Here two examples of biological scales (pathogen transmission and mosquito mortality) are presented to illustrate some of the issues of scale and to explore how processes on different levels may interact to influence mosquito-borne pathogen transmission cycles. Individual variation in survival, vector competence, and other traits affect population abundance, transmission potential, and community structure. Community structure affects interactions between individuals such as competition and predation, and thus influences the individual-level dynamics and transmission potential. Modeling is a valuable tool to assess interactions between scales and how processes at different levels can affect transmission dynamics. We expand an existing model to illustrate the types of studies needed, showing that individual-level variation in viral dose acquired or needed for infection can influence the number of infectious vectors. It is critical that interactions within and among biological scales and levels of biological organization are understood for greater understanding of pathogen transmission with the ultimate goal of improving control of vector-borne pathogens.

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“…Migration and international travel require personnel with specific expertise, highlighting the importance of the specialty of Infectious Diseases and the sentinel surveillance of febrile travelers. One illustrative example would be the already reported frequent confusion of malaria with dengue in the city of Rio de Janeiro [21]. Visitors from Africa might die of falciparum malaria about seven days after the beginning of the symptomatology, with more than half of all erythrocytes parasitized [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other relevant clinical complications include patients developing immune thrombocytopenic purpura after curing the infection [35] and splenic haematoma [36]. In non-endemic areas of malaria in Brazil, such as São Paulo, severe cases of P. vivax infection are being reported in travelers [37], and thrombocytopenia is often misattributed to dengue infection in Rio de Janeiro, where the disease is endemic [38]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 2006-2008 period, three cases, diagnosed (by thick blood Smear, and PCR) as P. vivax malaria, came from localities situated between the municipalities of Nova Friburgo and Guapimirim at the "Serra dos Órgãos", also in the Atlantic Region. Patients presented at the Acute Febrile Diseases Outpatient Clinics of the Instituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas (a branch of the CPD-Mal at Fiocruz) with low parasite ( P. vivax ) counts and mild symptoms including low-grade (< 38°C) fever and splenomegaly [38]. Mild atypical symptomatology and very low parasitaemia was also the predominant presenting form of the disease in the autochthonous P. vivax malaria reported in inhabitants of two parks in the Atlantic forest of the São Paulo State between 1990 and 2000 [48,49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malaria in Brazil: an overview

Oliveira-Ferreira

Lacerda

Brasil

et al. 2010

Malar J

398

399

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Malaria is still a major public health problem in Brazil, with approximately 306 000 registered cases in 2009, but it is estimated that in the early 1940s, around six million cases of malaria occurred each year. As a result of the fight against the disease, the number of malaria cases decreased over the years and the smallest numbers of cases to-date were recorded in the 1960s. From the mid-1960s onwards, Brazil underwent a rapid and disorganized settlement process in the Amazon and this migratory movement led to a progressive increase in the number of reported cases. Although the main mosquito vector (Anopheles darlingi) is present in about 80% of the country, currently the incidence of malaria in Brazil is almost exclusively (99,8% of the cases) restricted to the region of the Amazon Basin, where a number of combined factors favors disease transmission and impair the use of standard control procedures. Plasmodium vivax accounts for 83,7% of registered cases, while Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for 16,3% and Plasmodium malariae is seldom observed. Although vivax malaria is thought to cause little mortality, compared to falciparum malaria, it accounts for much of the morbidity and for huge burdens on the prosperity of endemic communities. However, in the last few years a pattern of unusual clinical complications with fatal cases associated with P. vivax have been reported in Brazil and this is a matter of concern for Brazilian malariologists. In addition, the emergence of P. vivax strains resistant to chloroquine in some reports needs to be further investigated. In contrast, asymptomatic infection by P. falciparum and P. vivax has been detected in epidemiological studies in the states of Rondonia and Amazonas, indicating probably a pattern of clinical immunity in both autochthonous and migrant populations. Seropidemiological studies investigating the type of immune responses elicited in naturally-exposed populations to several malaria vaccine candidates in Brazilian populations have also been providing important information on whether immune responses specific to these antigens are generated in natural infections and their immunogenic potential as vaccine candidates. The present difficulties in reducing economic and social risk factors that determine the incidence of malaria in the Amazon Region render impracticable its elimination in the region. As a result, a malaria-integrated control effort - as a joint action on the part of the government and the population - directed towards the elimination or reduction of the risks of death or illness, is the direction adopted by the Brazilian government in the fight against the disease.

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Detecção e tipagem de vírus dengue em Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) na Cidade de Manaus, Estado do Amazonas

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Occurrence of Natural Vertical Transmission of Dengue-2 and Dengue-3 Viruses in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

Occurrence of Natural Vertical Transmission of Dengue-2 and Dengue-3 Viruses in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

Can Horton Hear the Whos? The Importance of Scale in Mosquito-Borne Disease

Malaria in Brazil: an overview

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