Soroprevalência de anticorpos para toxoplasmose, rubéola, citomegalovírus, sífilis e HIV em gestantes sergipanas

Abstract

Conhecer a soroprevalência gestacional de agentes que possam ser transmitidos da mãe para o feto e causar doença é uma ferramenta essencial para formulação de políticas públicas de saúde, favorecendo o planejamento de ações programáticas de prevenção e assistência. Soroprevalência ABSTRAcTThe seroprevalence of antibodies for HIV, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirosis and rubella and its association with age and origin was investigated among pregnant women in Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. A total of 9,550 pregnant women (2,112 from the state capital and 7,438 from other municipalities) were enrolled in the study and consecutively tested during their first antenatal care visit in 2007. The following serum prevalences were found: syphilis (0.9%; 95% CI 0.7%-1.6%), HIV (0.14%; 95% CI 0.08%-0.2%), toxoplasmosis (IgG 69.3%; 95% CI 68.3%-70.2%; IgM 0.4%, 95% CI 0.3%-0.6%), cytomegalovirosis (IgG 76.6%, 95% CI 75.7%-77.5%; IgM 0.2%, 95% CI 0.09%-0.3%) and rubella (IgG 71.6%, 95% CI 70.7%-72.6%; IgM 0.1%, 95% CI 0.04%-0.2%). Toxoplasmosis seropositivity increased with age. The prevalences of IgG antibodies for toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus and rubella were higher in Aracaju (state capital) than in other municipalities in the State of Sergipe. The results showed that a large proportion of the pregnant women, particularly in municipalities other than the state capital, were susceptible to toxoplasmosis, rubella and cytomegalovirus, with a risk for their infants.

Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis, toxocariasis and cysticercosis in a rural settlement, São Paulo State, Brazil

“…Although IgM seroprevalence is scarce in the population as a whole, this rate is one of the highest found in Brazil and elsewhere, even among pregnant women at risk of acute toxoplasmosis infection. 28,29 The mechanism behind this result is difficult to establish as no risk factors associated with IgM infection were found. IgM antibodies are frequently the first class of antibodies detected after primary infection.…”

“…In pregnant women, a negative serological sample requires frequent investigation throughout the gestation due to the risk of the mother becoming infected and MTCT. 28,29 In addition to helmintic infections, elevated IgE serum levels were found in many protozoal infections, however, their role in the immune response remains unclear. In this study, a relationship between T. gondii IgG seropositivity and IgE antibodies was found and the data were not associated with intestinal parasites since helminthes infection was not diagnosed.…”

“…Toxoplasma gondii is considered one of the most important causes of blindness and visual impairment throughout Brazil. [27][28][29][30] Infection with one agent could also be associated with an increased risk of infection with the other. 26,27 In our study, 14.4% of individuals showed concomitant Toxocara spp./T.…”

Epidemiologic aspects of toxoplasmosis and evaluation of its seroprevalence in pregnant women

“…For example, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in women of reproductive age in a suburban community of Maracaibo, Venezuela, was 33% 1 , 12.3% in China 2 , 27.9% in the Palestine 3 , 47% in France 4 , 48.6% in Albania 5 , and 57.6% in Egypt 6 . In Brazil, the seroprevalence was determined to be 50-80%; in Sergipe, its prevalence was 69.3% 7 ; in the indigenous populations of Iauareté, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, it was 73.5% 8 ; and in Alagoas, it was 43.9% 9 . This is a challenging public health situation with respect to planning and devising a triage strategy for this disease in a practical and comprehensive manner that would improve the treatment of affected pregnant women.…”

Hepatites B, C E Sífilis: Prevalência E Características Associadas À Coinfecção Entre Soropositivos

“…Pesquisas anteriores (4,10) apontam que cerca de 20 a 30% dos portadores do HCV e 4 a 10% dos indivíduos cronicamente infectados pelo HBV sejam portadores do vírus HIV. A coinfecção HIV/Sífilis pode ser encontrada em aproximadamente 0.6% da população soropositiva, embora a prevalência seja superior entre homens que fazem sexo com homens, profissionais do sexo, população encarcerada e usuários de drogas injetáveis, com taxas variando de 2.7% a 24.4% (3,11) .…”