Ectopic schistosomiasis: description of five cases involving skin, one ovarian case and one adrenal case

Abstract

Seven cases of patients with ectopic schistosomiasis from the State of Sergipe, Brazil, are presented (five involving skin, one ovarian and one adrenal). Data were collected from surveying the clinical records and anatomopathological reports in the files of the dermatology and pathology clinics of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Sergipe, from 1995 to 2005. The patients' mean age at diagnosis was 21.1 years. In the dermatological cases, full cures were achieved after treatment with oxamniquine. In the ovarian case, there was an association with embryonic carcinoma: this patient underwent surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy and praziquantel treatment, with satisfactory evolution. The adrenal case was associated with adenoma.

Systemic schistosomiasis and large bowel perforation: An unexpected surgical urgency. Report of a case and literature review

“…Abdominal CT scan showed adenoma‐like lesions in the right and left adrenal gland . We did not find any previously reported cases of adrenal ectopic schistosomiasis but we can mention a single case report of an adrenal schistosomiasis incidentally diagnosed in association with adenoma . In our case report, we do not have an histopatological examination of the adrenal gland because there is no indication to perform an adrenal biopsy or adrenalectomy in urgent setting with no specific diagnosis, but the association with the peculiar clinical presentation, the histological diagnosis of schistosomiasis and the CT scan findings can support the suspect of systemic schistosomiasis with probable adrenal involvement.…”

Ectopic Schistosoma mansoni Eggs Inside a Lipoma

“…1,2,5,7 Others have proposed the embolization of S. mansoni eggs through arteriovenous shunts opened by portal hypertension due to the hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis. 3,6,8,[10][11][12] Clinically, the lesions appears as isolated or coalescent papules, with a herpetiform arrangement or zosteriform distribution. 1,4,5,8,10 In this case, no form of the S. mansoni worm was found, and the patient presents no symptoms suggesting a disease provoked by this parasite.…”

“…[2][3][4] Ectopic schistosomiasis has been reported in the cecal appendix, gallbladder, pancreas, peritoneum, urogenital system, central nervous system, myocardium, skin, esophagus, stomach, thyroid, and adrenal glands. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Ectopic lesions, to which eggs or worms may migrate and cause granulomas on the skin and extragenital or rectal mucosae are rare in every form of schistosomiasis, even in regions where parasitosis is highly endemic. 2,3,5,6 Identification of Schistosoma eggs at the anatomopathological examination is mandatory for diagnosis.…”

Skin Infections

“…The larvae usually are not seen. 779,785,786 In the extragenital lesions, ova are usually difficult to find. 776,780 There is usually an overlying hyperkeratotic and acanthotic epidermis, sometimes with prominent pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia with focal ulceration and draining sinuses.…”