Formigas como vetores mecânicos de microorganismos no Hospital Escola da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro

Costa, Sílvia Baldan da; Pelli, Afonso; Carvalho, Glenda Pereira de; Oliveira, Adriana Gonçalves; Silva, Paulo Roberto da; Teixeira, Maxelle Martins; Martins, Elisabeth Nogueira; Terra, Ana Paula Sarreta; Resende, Elisabete Montovani; Oliveira, Cristina da Cunha Hueb Barata de; Morais, César Augusto de

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822006000600003

Cited by 36 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Fotedar et al 2 showed that flies caught from hospitals had a bacterial load higher than controls caught in a remote residential area. In contrast, Rahuama et al 5 reported that insects from hospitals had a bacterial load similar to those from outdoors suggesting that isolated bacteria of the insects represents the sanitary conditions of the environment. However, insects are very mobile, having access to human feces, garbage, open wounds, and contaminated medical instruments acting as a link between infected and uninfected areas inside a hospital environment or outside.…”

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confidence: 92%

“…Insecta. Public Health.Some non-biting flying insects, particularly the common housefly (Musca domestica), have sporadically been described as possible mechanical vectors of agents of nosocomial infections because they may carry human pathogens and also due to their ubiquity including in the hospital environments 1-4 .In Brazil, there are some reports showing that ants and cockroaches harbor pathogens in hospitals 5,6 , but there is no report on non-biting flying insects. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria on the external surface of flying insects collected inside a Brazilian health care institution.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, there are some reports showing that ants and cockroaches harbor pathogens in hospitals 5,6 , but there is no report on non-biting flying insects. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria on the external surface of flying insects collected inside a Brazilian health care institution.…”

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Non-biting flying insects as carriers of pathogenic bacteria in a Brazilian hospital

Kappel

Oliveira

Silva

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Insects have been described as mechanical vectors of nosocomial infections. Methods: Non-biting flying insects were collected inside a pediatric ward and neonatal-intensive care unit (ICU) of a Brazilian tertiary hospital. Results: Most (86.4%) of them were found to carry one or more species of bacteria on their external surfaces. The bacteria isolated were Gram-positive bacilli (68.2%) or cocci (40.9%), and Gram-negative bacilli (18.2%). Conclusions: Insects collected inside a hospital were carrying pathogenic bacteria; therefore, one must consider the possibility they may act as mechanical vectors of infections, in especially for debilitated or immune-compromised patients in the hospital environments where the insects were collected.Keywords: Microorganisms. Insecta. Public Health.Some non-biting flying insects, particularly the common housefly (Musca domestica), have sporadically been described as possible mechanical vectors of agents of nosocomial infections because they may carry human pathogens and also due to their ubiquity including in the hospital environments 1-4 .In Brazil, there are some reports showing that ants and cockroaches harbor pathogens in hospitals 5,6 , but there is no report on non-biting flying insects. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria on the external surface of flying insects collected inside a Brazilian health care institution.Flying insects were randomly collected in eight rooms of a pediatric ward and a neonatal intensive care unit (neonatal-ICU) of a Brazilian tertiary-care teaching hospital that has 290 beds. The insects were caught during their flight during different nights. Each insect collected was placed alive on to a 5% sheep blood agar plate, allowing contact of its external surface with the culture medium. After removing the insect using sterile forceps, the plate was incubated at 37 o C under aerobic conditions and was examined daily for bacterial growth. The insect samples were preserved in alcohol and subjected to entomological examination.The morphology of isolated bacteria was observed using Gram staining. The Gram-positive cocci (GPC) or Grampositive bacilli (GPB) were separately cultured on sheep blood agar and the Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) on MacConkey agar for further identification in species by using standard bacteriological procedures.A total of 22 flying insects were collected: 5 (22.7%) were caught inside the neonatal-ICU and 17 (77.3%) in different rooms of the pediatric ward. They belonged to Diptera Linné,

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Non-biting flying insects as carriers of pathogenic bacteria in a Brazilian hospital

Kappel

Oliveira

Silva

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…A possibilidade de as formigas atuarem como vetor mecânico de bactérias em ambiente hospitalar foi inicialmente investigada na Inglaterra (Beatson 1972). Levantamentos da fauna de formigas em hospitais do Brasil demonstram que esses insetos transportam microrganismos patogênicos, alguns resistentes a antibióticos (Moreira et al 2005), representando risco potencial de infecção em hospitais devido à sua grande mobilidade no interior destes ambientes (Fowler et al 1993, Bueno & Fowler 1994, Costa et al 2006.…”

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Formigas em ambiente hospitalar e seu potencial como transmissoras de bactérias

Pesquero¹,

Filho²,

Carneiro³

et al. 2008

Neotrop. entomol.

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-The external ant community of Hospital Municipal de Morrinhos, in Morrinhos, Goiás State, was characterized by the low rates of richness, diversity, dominance and equity of species abundance. Pheidole sp.1, a polygynic species was numerically dominant in this environment, although it coexists with potentially competitive species. This ant species prevailed within all hospital departments and its space-time distribution was a little aggregated (variance/mean ratio = 1.102, χ 2 = 29.38, P < 0.01). Escherichia, Salmonella, Aeromonas, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus and Klebsiella were the bacteria associated to this ant species in nearly all hospital annexes. The unicolonialism of Pheidole sp.1 tends to increase the contamination and dissemination process of infecto-contagious agents. The control and management of this ant species must be followed by practices that reduce the colonization process by other queens and the quantity of site nidifi cation within the hospital.KEY WORDS: Urban ant, Pheidole, polygyny, community RESUMO -A comunidade de formigas da área externa ao hospital do Hospital Municipal de Morrinhos, GO, caracterizou-se pelos baixos índices de riqueza, diversidade, dominância e eqüidade de abundância das espécies. Pheidole sp.1, uma espécie poligínica, dominou esse ambiente apesar da coexistência com espécies potencialmente competitivas. A mesma espécie de formiga predominou no interior de praticamente todas as repartições do hospital e sua distribuição espaço-temporal aproximou-se da agregada (variância/média = 1.102, χ 2 = 29.38, P < 0.01). Escherichia, Salmonella, Aeromonas, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus e Klebsiella foram os gêneros de bactérias associados a essa espécie de formiga em praticamente todas as repartições do hospital. O unicolonialismo de Pheidole sp.1 tende a potencializar o processo de contaminação e disseminação de agentes infecto-contagiosos. O manejo e controle da espécie devem ser acompanhados de técnicas que reduzam o processo de colonização por novas rainhas e a quantidade de locais de nidifi cação no interior do hospital. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Formiga urbana, Pheidole, poliginia, comunidadeVárias espécies de formigas se beneficiam com a presença do homem, tanto na zona rural como na urbana, e algumas destacam-se como pragas devido aos problemas ocasionados direta ou indiretamente à população humana (Vinson 1986, Vander Meer et al. 1990. Espécies de formigas que vivem no interior de edifi cações em ambiente urbano são caracterizadas pelo tamanho corporal pequeno, poliginia, mobilidade das colônias e unicolinialismo (Passera 1994). As principais espécies consideradas pragas urbanas no Brasil são exóticas, destacando-se Monomorium pharaonis (L.), Monomorium fl oricola Jerdon, Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille) e Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) . Linepithema humile (Mayr), Paratrechina fulva (Mayr), Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) e algumas espécies de Camponotus, Pheidole, Brachymyrmex e Solenopsis, nativas do Brasil, também são importantes pragas urbanas.A infecção hospi...

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“…The presence of these species puts patients at risk of nosocomial infection. and Costa et al 13 also observed these pathogens.…”

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Ants in a hospital environment and their potential as mechanical bacterial vectors

Lima

Marques

Rodrigues

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 46(5):637-640, Sep-Oct, 2013http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/0037-8682-1607-2013 Ants in a hospital environment and their potential as mechanical bacterial vectors ABSTRACT Introduction:We studied the richness and abundance of ant species, their bacteria and the bacteria isolated from patient clinical samples. Methods: Ants were collected with baited traps at 64 sites in a public hospital in São Luis, State of Maranhão, Brazil. Results: In total, 1,659 ants from 14 species were captured. The most frequent species were Crematogaster victima, Solenopsis saevissima, Tapinoma melanocephalum, Camponotus vittatus and Paratrechina fulva. Forty-one species of bacteria were isolated from the ants and 18 from patients. Conclusions: Ants are potential vehicles for pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria, and they can represent a risk factor in nosocomial infections.

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Formigas como vetores mecânicos de microorganismos no Hospital Escola da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Non-biting flying insects as carriers of pathogenic bacteria in a Brazilian hospital

Non-biting flying insects as carriers of pathogenic bacteria in a Brazilian hospital

Formigas em ambiente hospitalar e seu potencial como transmissoras de bactérias

Ants in a hospital environment and their potential as mechanical bacterial vectors

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