Surto de toxoplasmose aguda transmitida através da ingestão de carne crua de gado ovino

Bonametti, Ana Maria; Passos, Joselina do Nascimento; Silva, Edina Mariko Koga da; Bortoliero, André Luiz

doi:10.1590/s0037-86821997000100005

Cited by 54 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In these outbreaks, the confirmed form of infection has been directly linked to oral transmission, consumption of oocyte-contaminated water and/or meat and derivatives 13,20,7,6,24 of different origins containing parasites cystic tissue . In Monte Dourado, it was established that the transmission of the infection by T. gondii oocytes was related to the association of factors, such as: the high population of felines in all the urban areas of the District and in its surrounding forest; a period of high procreation and birth of cats; erosion of the soil due to abundant rain with probably re-suspension of oocytes that were disseminated by dust in the air due to gardening and/or wind; and contamination of commercialized foods in the area with parasite oocytes.…”

Section: Laboratorial Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in some situations, the infection can become considerably severe, especially in the congenital form or when the infected individual is immunosuppressed, in which case the manifestation of the disease in general compromises the central nervous system, 26,3,23 sometimes even causing death . Numerous human toxoplasmosis outbreaks have been reported in some countries, including Brazil, due to the consumption of meat containing parasite cysts or due to consumption of other food and water contaminated with the T. gondii, oocysts, with the emphasis on the outbreak that occurred in Santa Izabel do Ivaí-PR, which is considered the greatest outbreak 13,20,7,6,21,15 ever registered in the whole world .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surto de toxoplasmose humana no Distrito de Monte Dourado, Município de Almeirim, Pará, Brasil

Carmo¹,

Póvoa²,

Monteiro³

et al. 2010

Rev Pan-Amaz Saude

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OBJECTIVE: To report an outbreak of human toxoplasmosis that occurred in the District of Monte Dourado, Municipality of Almeirim, Pará State, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After the positive diagnosis of five patients with symptoms suggestive of toxoplasmosis, clinical research and epidemiology were executed in the locality. A total of 186 individuals were evaluated, including symptomatic patients, their relatives and/or close contacts. All subjects underwent epidemiological inquiry, clinical assessment and serology by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM. RESULTS: A total of 40 individuals presented a serological profile of acute toxoplasmosis. Epidemiological analysis indicated that the cases could be related to infection with oocysts eliminated by cats, whose population density was very high in the surveyed locality. The most likely hypothesis of transmission would be through direct contact with oocysts of the parasite, either by the ingestion of contaminated food or by the inhalation of these forms in the soil. The possibility of water transmission through the local supply system was discarded because the system is inaccessible to cats. Infected individuals were treated at the local health care units. Moreover, local health authorities were instructed to implement measures to control stray cats in order to prevent new cases or outbreaks. CONCLUSION: The outbreak that occurred between February and March 2004 in Monte Dourado was caused by T. gondii. The hypothesis of contamination via oocysts of the parasite is supported by several factors, such as a high population density of cats in the surveyed District, frequent gardening habits and a lack of reports of ingestion of raw or undercooked meat.

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Section: Laboratorial Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surto de toxoplasmose humana no Distrito de Monte Dourado, Município de Almeirim, Pará, Brasil

Carmo¹,

Póvoa²,

Monteiro³

et al. 2010

Rev Pan-Amaz Saude

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“…Diante do perigo da toxoplasmose caprina para a saúde pública, uma vez que o consumo de leite cru ou carne crua ou malcozida de animais infectados constitui fonte potencial de transmissão de toxoplasmose para o homem (Dubey 1996, Bonametti et al 1997, Sibley 2003, a investigação sobre a comercialização de produtos de origem caprina, a partir de capris contaminados, pode oferecer subsídios sobre o risco substancial para a população.…”

Section: Discussão E Conclusõesunclassified

Avaliação da ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii, em soros de caprinos do estado de São Paulo, e associação com variáveis epidemiológicas, problemas reprodutivos e riscos à saúde pública

Modolo

Langoni

Padovani³

et al. 2008

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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Objetivando avaliar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii, em caprinos leiteiros do estado de São Paulo, e verificar possíveis associações com idade, sexo, presença de gatos, problemas reprodutivos e potenciais riscos à saúde pública, foram considerados soros de 923 caprinos, de ambos os sexos e idade acima de três meses, provenientes de 17 propriedades de diferentes municípios. Para o diagnóstico, utilizou-se a reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFIe"16) e, também, um inquérito sobre saúde, a fim de se coletarem informações epidemiológicas e de esfera reprodutiva de todos os capris. Os resultados foram discutidos no nível de 5% de significância. Do total das 17 propriedades, foram diagnosticados 15 focos de T. gondii, com positividade entre 2,70% e 81,25%. Não foram verificadas associações entre freqüência de soropositividade e sexo dos animais nem ocorrência de falhas reprodutivas, nos capris. Constatou-se influência positiva na taxa de anticorpos anti-T. gondii pelo aumento da idade dos caprinos e presença de gatos, nos capris. Além de a enfermidade encontrar-se amplamente difundida no estado de São Paulo, o risco eminente de transmissão de T. gondii à saúde pública também deve ser considerado, uma vez que se encontraram focos onde se comercializavam produtos "in natura", como leite e carne.

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“…There may also be fever, night sweats, myalgia, maculopapular rash lymphocytic atypia [14] and also chorioretinitis [11]. In primary infection of immunocompetent patients, microgranulomas with no necrosis of giant cells, in cases of cervical lymphadenopathy, can be observed.…”

Section: Human Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevant aspects of human toxoplasmosis

Bresciani¹,

Galvão²,

Vasconcellos³

et al. 2013

Res J Infect Dis

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Considering the great importance that the infection by Toxoplasma gondii has in public health, the aim of this article was to demonstrate some aspects about this disease in human being. This parasite can cause several behavioral changes and many cases of reactivation of this disease are associated with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -AIDS. Major cases of human infections by T. gondii are assymptomatic and the main clinical manifestation in the acute phase of this zoonosis is lymphadenopathy, usually in the cervical area. There may also be fever, night sweats, myalgia, maculopapular rash lymphocytic atypia and chorioretinitis. The congenital and/or acquired chronic latent cerebral toxoplasmosis play an important role in the development of some types of neurodegeneration, like Alzheimer disease and Down Syndrome. Humans and animals should not consume raw or undercooked meat, unpasteurized or not boiled dairy products, water without being treated and poorly washed fruits and vegetables. Educational programs focused on reducing T. gondii environmental contamination are essential for the congenital infection control. Due to the severity of this kind of infection and its sequel, it is critical that those responsible for the community's health establish prevention programs to avoid such a situation, obtaining results in the medium and long term, and particularly preserving the involved population's welfare. A lack or incomplete prenatal treatment was identified as an important risk factor for congenital toxoplasmosis, reinforcing the need of improvement of prenatal care. In this study was demonstrated the importance of implementing prevention programs to guide pregnant women to prevent the infection. Preventive measures like information and health education; screening of pregnant women and infants; limiting harm from risk behaviour; treatment of risk cases and vaccination are recommended. Serum monitoring throughout pregnancy, so as detect cases of maternal seroconversion allowing for early maternal treatment is also basic. Some countries have adopted control programs of human toxoplasmosis, however, this issue should be of world attention, considering its relevant aspects of public health, requiring the establishment of community education campaigns and monitoring of pregnant women in the pre and neonatal, especially in a preventive action to reduce the pathogenic effects of this disease.

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Surto de toxoplasmose aguda transmitida através da ingestão de carne crua de gado ovino

Cited by 54 publications

References 8 publications

Surto de toxoplasmose humana no Distrito de Monte Dourado, Município de Almeirim, Pará, Brasil

Surto de toxoplasmose humana no Distrito de Monte Dourado, Município de Almeirim, Pará, Brasil

Avaliação da ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii, em soros de caprinos do estado de São Paulo, e associação com variáveis epidemiológicas, problemas reprodutivos e riscos à saúde pública

Relevant aspects of human toxoplasmosis

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