Dados epidemiológicos de malária na Amazônia, por município, referente a 1992

Marques, Agostinho Cruz

doi:10.1590/s0037-86821993000100010

Cited by 9 publications

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“…In the year of the study, approximately 5,000 cases of the disease were reported in this region, where P. falciparum and P. vivax occur simultaneously. 21 The 52 individuals studied (46 adults and six children 12-14 years old) were migrants from malaria-free areas of Brazil. They became infected while working in mining (n ϭ 14) or agricultural (n ϭ 38) activities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular responses to Plasmodium falciparum major surface antigens and their relationship to human activities associated with malaria transmission.

Carvalho¹,

Fontes²,

Krettli³

1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. In Brazil, two types of activities have led to the worsening of malarial transmission in the Amazon region: prospecting/mining and agricultural settlements. In the present study, we analyze the cellular response of 52 of these individuals (14 gold-miners and 38 farmers) living within the same endemic area. Two Plasmodium falciparum major surface antigens (recombinant proteins) were used for cellular proliferative assays: circumsporozoite protein and merozoite surface protein-1. The frequency of these cellular responses were significantly higher among the miners (57-64%) than the farmers (10-20%) when either recombinant protein was used. Our data suggest that a higher exposure to malaria of the gold-miners contributed to their higher in vitro cellular response compared with the farmers. These findings point the way to further studies evaluating the influence of risk factors associated with the life styles of different social groups and the immune responses to these antigens.Research directed towards developing an effective vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum has been conducted for decades. 1 The surface antigens of sporozoites and merozoites are of particular interest because they represent two of the major candidates for inclusion in a subunit vaccine. The major constituents of the merozoite surface are polypeptides derived from a high molecular mass precursor protein known as merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1). Immunization with proteins derived from MSP-1 has been shown to protect animals from experimental infections, demonstrating its usefulness as a potential vaccine target. 2-5The best characterized of the anti-sporozoite vaccine candidates is the circumsporozoite (CS) protein. 6 Initial clinical trials with the central repeat epitope of the P. falciparum CS protein, (NANP) n , resulted in a low level of protection. 7,8 New clinical trials with the CS protein have been carried out in small number of subjects, 9,10 but only one CS subunit vaccine was shown to be protective. 11 Although these results represent a considerable advance in the development of malaria vaccines, it is still important to better understand the immune mechanisms involved in natural transmission, in which there are multiple parasite strains and the levels of transmission are variable.In Latin America, malaria remains a serious public health problem affecting the lives and health of certain social groups, particularly those engaged in forest-related economic activities, gem mining, and work on road construction and hydroelectric dams. In Brazil, malaria is endemic in the Amazon area, which comprises 51% of the country's territory and harbors only 9% of its inhabitants.12 Malaria has mainly affected the migrant populations coming from malaria-free areas of the country, attracted by opportunities for farming and mining. 13,14 This was largely in response to the agricultural settlement projects of the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform, whose main emphasis was to start farms. Moreover, stimulated by the gove...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular responses to Plasmodium falciparum major surface antigens and their relationship to human activities associated with malaria transmission.

Carvalho¹,

Fontes²,

Krettli³

1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…During the second phase, the study was carried out in Pontes-Lacerda, one of the 10 counties of the state that present the highest incidence of malaria in Brazil. In 1992, the year in which the study was performed, around 5000 cases of the disease were reported in Pontes-Lacerda, out of which 27% were P. falciparum and 73% were P. vivax (Marques 1993). Sixty-two individuals were studied, of which 38 (average age 29 Ϯ 12 years) had clinical malaria and 24 (average age 33 Ϯ 12 years) had no previous history of the disease.…”

Section: Areas and Individuals Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐reactive cellular immune response to circumsporozoite proteins of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum in malaria‐exposed individuals

Carvalho

Fontes

Fernandes

et al. 1997

Parasite Immunology

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Acquired immunity against the recombinant circumsporozoite protein of P. falciparum (rPfCS) or P. vivax (rPvCS) was studied in two malarious areas of the Brazilian Amazon. Cellular responsiveness, evaluated by proliferative assays, was detected in about 45% of individuals who had recovered from recent acute malaria infections. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of individuals whose last malaria infection was by P. vivax responded more to the rCS proteins than those who had P. falciparum. Since in P. vivax infections hypnozoites in the liver retain CS antigen, this stage may have contributed to the increased cellular response. The unexpected result was that in primoinfections by P. falciparum or P. vivax the proliferative response did not correspond to the rPfCS and rPvCS, respectively. Furthermore, among the malaria-exposed individuals, there was a positive correlation between the intensity of the responses to the two rCS proteins. Our results suggest that cross-reactive epitopes exist in the CS protein of P. falciparum and P. vivax. In the areas studied, the frequency of antibodies against rPvCS and/or rPfCS ranged from 43% to 11%. Species-specific antibodies against the CS protein were detected in the primoinfected individuals. Some individuals living in the endemic area but with no clinical history of malaria were positive by serology (8%) or by in vitro proliferation (21%). However, antibodies and cellular responses against rCS were detected only in malaria-exposed individuals, since those living outside the endemic area were all negative.

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“…atingindo o IPA de 95,2 por 1.000 habitantes, em 1992 8 . A partir deste ano, ocorreu um declínio progressivo do IPA, atingindo em 2002, o índice de 2,7 casos registrados por mil habitantes 20 .…”

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Comportamento epidemiológico da malária no Estado de Mato Grosso, 1980-2003

Atanaka-Santos

Czeresnia

Souza-Santos

et al. 2006

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Descreveu-se a evolução temporal e espacial de malária em Mato Grosso, discriminadas em períodos de 1980-1985; 1986-1991; 1992-1997 e 1998-2003, distribuídas por microrregião homogênea. O índice parasitário anual do estado cresceu até 1992, reduzindo para 1,9 casos/mil habitantes em 2003; o coeficiente de mortalidade e a taxa de letalidade foram maiores nos anos de 1980 a 1989. Das 22 microrregiões, 13 apresentaram IPA inferior a 10 casos/1.000 habitantes em todos os períodos, ocorrendo concentração de casos nas microrregiões de Colíder, Alta Floresta, Aripuanã e Alto Guaporé. Em 2003, apenas a microrregião de Aripuanã persistia com IPA superior a 50 casos/1.000 habitantes. As microrregiões de Colíder, em 1983, 1985 a 1988 e 1990 e Alta Floresta, em 1991, apresentaram óbitos acima de 50/100.000 habitantes, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 20 a 49 anos. A distribuição da doença por microrregiões evidenciou que a malária é predominantemente focal.

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Dados epidemiológicos de malária na Amazônia, por município, referente a 1992

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Cellular responses to Plasmodium falciparum major surface antigens and their relationship to human activities associated with malaria transmission.

Cellular responses to Plasmodium falciparum major surface antigens and their relationship to human activities associated with malaria transmission.

Cross‐reactive cellular immune response to circumsporozoite proteins of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum in malaria‐exposed individuals

Comportamento epidemiológico da malária no Estado de Mato Grosso, 1980-2003

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