Genetic diversity and primary resistance among HIV-1-positive patients from Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

Gaspareto, Karine Vieira; Mello, Flávia Myrian Martins de Almeida; Dias, José Ricardo Colleti; Meneguetti, Vera Alice Fernandes; Storti, Marta Evelyn Giansante; Ferreira, João Leandro de Paula; Lança, André Minhoto; Rodrigues, Rosangela; Brígido, Luis Fernando de Macedo; Teixeira, Jorge Juarez Vieira; Bertolini, Dennis Armando

doi:10.1590/s0036-46652012000400005

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This study found a TDRM prevalence of 6.7% among treatment-naïve individuals from the northern and northwestern regions of Paraná. This prevalence was similar to that found by Gaspareto et al (4.2%) in northwestern Paraná in 2012 [17] and to that found by other Brazilian studies [10, 11, 14, 34–37]. Besides local social factors as the access to ART, the differences between the results reported in Brazilian studies for the prevalence of transmitted resistance among treatment-naïve individuals is due, mainly, to heterogeneity in study design, which occurs in the selection of the target population (patients with acute, recent or chronic infections), the methodology used to evaluate resistance mutations, and the definition of resistance mutations [16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…For HIV-1 genotyping, plasma viral RNA was extracted using the QIAmp ® Viral RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen, Courtaboeuf, France) extraction kit, according to manufacturer’s instructions, followed by retrotranscription reaction in order to obtain cDNA. The genes for protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) were amplified as described before [17] and the purified products of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were sequenced with ABI PRISM ® Kit BigDye™ Terminator version 3.1 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA), according to manufacturer’s instructions, using the ABI 3500XL sequencer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moderate prevalence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutations in southern Brazil

Bahls¹,

Canezin²,

Reiche³

et al. 2019

AIDS Res Ther

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BackgroundDespite the advances in therapy, the occurrence of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a major obstacle to successful treatment. This study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and to determine the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRM) between individuals recently or chronically diagnosed with HIV-1 from Paraná, Brazil.MethodsA total of 260 HIV-1 positive antiretroviral therapy-naïve patients were recruited to participate on the study, of which 39 were recently diagnosed. HIV-1 genotyping was performed using sequencing reaction followed by phylogenetic analyses to determine the HIV-1 subtype. TDRM were defined using the Calibrated Population Resistance Tool program.ResultsThe HIV-1 subtypes frequency found in the studied population were 54.0% of subtype B, 26.7% subtype C, 6.7% subtype F1 and 12.7% recombinant forms. The overall prevalence of TDRM was 6.7%, including 13.3% for recently diagnosed subjects and 5.9% for the chronic group.ConclusionsThe prevalence of resistance mutations found in this study is considered moderate, thus to perform genotyping tests before the initiation of antiretroviral therapy may be important to define the first line therapy and contribute for the improvement of regional prevention strategies for epidemic control.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12981-019-0219-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate prevalence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutations in southern Brazil

Bahls¹,

Canezin²,

Reiche³

et al. 2019

AIDS Res Ther

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“…Moderate overall TDR levels have also been reported in other southern capitals: Curitiba (7.0%) [ 92 ] and Florianapolis (9.7%) [ 93 ], mainly associated to low or moderate NRTI and NNRTI TDR levels. Additionally, a recent TDR threshold WHO survey in Maringá, Parana reported low overall TDR levels [ 94 ]. Of note, a recent survey in inmates in the Porto Alegre area reported high levels of TDR associated to an alarming proportion of virologic failure and high secondary drug resistance [ 95 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ávila‐Ríos¹,

Sued

Rhee

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundHIV transmitted drug resistance (TDR) remains at moderate level in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). However, different epidemiologic scenarios could influence national and sub-regional TDR levels and trends.Methods and FindingsWe performed a systematic review of currently available publications on TDR in antiretroviral treatment-naïve adults in LAC. Ninety-eight studies published between January 2000 and June 2015 were included according to critical appraisal criteria and classified by sub-region: Brazil (50), Mesoamerica (17), Southern Cone (16), Andean (8) and Caribbean (7). From these, 81 studies encompassing 11,441 individuals with data on DR mutation frequency were included in a meta-analysis. Overall TDR prevalence in LAC was 7.7% (95% CI: 7.2%-8.2%). An increasing trend was observed for overall TDR when comparing 2000–2005 (6.0%) and 2006–2015 (8.2%) (p<0.0001), which was associated with significant NNRTI TDR increase (p<0.0001). NRTI TDR decreased (4.5% vs. 2.3%, p<0.0001). NNRTI TDR increase was associated mainly with K101E, K103N and G190A. NRTI TDR decrease was associated mainly with M184V, K70R and T215Y. All sub-regions reached moderate overall TDR levels. The rapid increase in TDR to all antiretroviral classes in the Caribbean is notable, as well as the significant increase in NNRTI TDR reaching moderate levels in the Southern Cone. NRTI TDR was dominant in 2000–2005, mainly in the Caribbean, Mesoamerica and Brazil. This dominance was lost in 2006–2015 in all sub-regions, with the Southern Cone and the Caribbean switching to NNRTI dominance. PI TDR remained mostly constant with a significant increase only observed in the Caribbean.ConclusionsGiven the high conceptual and methodological heterogeneity of HIV TDR studies, implementation of surveys with standardized methodology and national representativeness is warranted to generate reliable to inform public health policies. The observed increasing trend in NNRTI TDR supports the need to strengthen TDR surveillance and programme monitoring and evaluation in LAC.

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“…There are no more than a few Brazilian reports on acquired drug resistance [ 19 – 22 ], transmitted drug resistance, and characterization of the HIV-1 genetic variability [ 23 – 27 ]. HIV-1 subtype B is prevalent throughout the country [ 19 – 22 ], whereas subtypes C and F and their recombinants are relevant in the South and Southeast regions, respectively [ 28 – 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolving Genotypic Profile of HIV-1 Mutations Related to Antiretroviral Treatment in the North Region of Brazil

Lopes

Soares

Falci

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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HIV related mutations can be associated with decreased susceptibility to antiretrovirals and treatment failures. There is scarce information about HIV mutations in persons failing HIV treatment in North of Brazil. Our aim was to evaluate evolution of HIV subtypes and mutations patterns related to antiretroviral therapy in this region. We investigated HIV resistance profile in adults failing antiretroviral regimen in Northern Brazil from January, 2004, through December, 2013. Genotype data was evaluated through Stanford University algorithm. There were 377 genotypes from different individuals to evaluate. Resistance mutations were similar to worldwide reports and related to antiretroviral exposure. Most prevalent mutations in the reverse transcriptase gene were M184V (80.1%) and K130N (40.6%). Thymidine associated mutations were more frequent in multiexperienced patients. Most common protease mutations were M46I, V82A, I54V, L90M, I84V, M46L, and L76V. Subtype B was the most prevalent (90.7%). There were differences between subtypes B and non-B mutations. We documented for the first time subtypes and patterns of HIV associated mutations in Northern Brazil. A1 subtype was identified for the first time in this area. Depending on drug regimen and how experienced the patient is, an empirical switch of a failing antiretroviral treatment could be a reasonable option.

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Genetic diversity and primary resistance among HIV-1-positive patients from Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Moderate prevalence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutations in southern Brazil

Moderate prevalence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutations in southern Brazil

Surveillance of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Evolving Genotypic Profile of HIV-1 Mutations Related to Antiretroviral Treatment in the North Region of Brazil

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