Antifungal susceptibilities of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in goiânia city, Goiás, Brasil

Abstract

We evaluated the antifungal activities of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole in 70 Cryptococcus neoformans strains obtained from cerebrospinal fluid from AIDS patients and 40 C. neoformans strains isolated from the environment. Four clinical isolates were identified as C. neoformans var. gattii. The susceptibility test was done using a broth microdilution method according to NCCLS M27-A2. Range minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for C. neoformans clinical isolates were 0.06-1.0 microg/mL for amphotericin B, 0.125-8 microg/mL for fluconazole, 0.03-0.5 microg/mL for itraconazole and 0.03-0.25 microg/mL for voriconazole. C. neoformans environmental isolates showed range MICs 0.015-0.125 microg/mL, 0.25-2.0 microg/mL, 0.007-0.125 microg/mL and 0.03-0.25 microg/mL for amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole respectively. The MICs results obtained from clinical and environmental isolates showed similar pattern of susceptibility and no resistance has been found in our isolates.

Molecular typing and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of Cryptococcus spp from patients in Midwest Brazil

“…It is worth highlighting that C. gattii VGIII was identified in this study and that the MIC values obtained for amphotericin B were low, in agreement with those in the literature [47,50,51], considering the cutoffs used by Nguyen and Yu [30] and Lozano-Chui et al [31]. For voriconazole, MIC values against C. gattii (range = 0.06 -0.5 mg/L were in agreement with those presented by Espinel-Ingroff et al [53], whereas against C. neoformans MIC values (range = 0.06-0.5 mg/L), were lower compared with those of the same study.…”

“…The majority of studies addressing in vitro susceptibility testing for amphotericin B against C. neoformans and C. gattii have shown that many of these isolates are susceptible at MIC values ≤ 1 mg/L [47,48,[50][51][52][53], similar to the MIC values obtained in this work. However, the literature reports MIC values for amphotericin B ≥ 1 µg/mL, such as Lozano-Chui et al [31], who reported MIC values of 3-4 mg/L, which were associated with treatment failure.…”

In vitro antifungal susceptibility profiles and genotypes of 308 clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii and Cryptococcus gattii serotype B from north-western India

“…As reported previously (Yildiran et al, 2000;van Duin et al, 2004;Souza et al, 2005;Khan et al, 2007), voriconazole exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against the isolates of C. neoformans var. grubii (GM 0.056 mg ml 21 ) and C. gattii (GM 0.138 mg ml 21 ).…”

In Vitro Activity of the New Azole Isavuconazole (BAL4815) Compared with Six Other Antifungal Agents against 162 Cryptococcus neoformans Isolates from Cuba

“…Our results on the in vitro activities of the main antifungal drugs against C. neoformans are similar to those published previously (3,7,8,16,19,24). Amphotericin B has long successfully been used to treat various yeast and mold infections.…”