Burkholderia pseudomallei: a case report of a human infection in Ceará, Brazil

Miralles, Iracema Sampaio; Maciel, Maria do Carmo Alves; Ângelo, Maria Rozzelê Ferreira; Gondini, Mirna Moura; Frota, Luiza Helena Feitosa; Reis, Cristhiane Moura Falavina dos; Hofer, Ernesto

doi:10.1590/s0036-46652004000100011

Cited by 36 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…B. pseudomallei isolates were tested for arabinose assimilation by growth on minimal salts agar containing 0.2% L-arabinose (Wuthiekanun et al 1996) ( Lertpatanasuwan et al 1999), all isolates causing melioidosis in our study were Ara-. Our findings support previous observations described by Vuddhakul et al (1999) in Thailand and by Miralles et al (2004) in Brazil. In this study, the results of the biochemical profile in the OF medium tests with lactose, maltose, and mannitol for isolates 1 and 3 differed from those Gilligan and Whittier (1999), but this may reflect differences in methodology utilized for assimilation tests, rather than genuine differences in Brazilian isolates.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…Isolation of B. pseudomallei from human samples had not been reported in Brazil until 2003 (Miralles et al 2004, Braga & Almeida 2005. The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of these Brazilian isolates of the species with others reported in the literature, and to alert microbiologists in the region to these characteristics in order to enable them to recognize subsequent cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenotypic characterization of three clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Ceará, Brazil

Virginio

Teixeira

Frota

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Melioidosis is a serious human disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. Isolation of B. pseudomallei from human samples had not been reported in Brazil until 2003(Miralles et al. 2004, Braga & Almeida 2005. The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of these Brazilian isolates of the species with others reported in the literature, and to alert microbiologists in the region to these characteristics in order to enable them to recognize subsequent cases.In this study three isolates of B. pseudomallei were analyzed. These were isolated from clinical samples from a small cluster of cases that occurred in Tejuçuoca, Ceará, Brazil, involving three patients from the same family, aged 10-15 years old. Two strains of B. pseudomallei were initially isolated on MacConkey agar from the spleen, liver, and lung and one strain from blood culture in BHI broth. All procedures involving viable cells were performed in a category 3 containment laboratory.Strains were identified phenotipically according to the criteria described for gram-negative nonfermentative bacilli and by characteristics on Ashdown selective medium (Ashdown 1979, Gilligan & Whittier 1999, Koneman et al. 2001. The identification of B. pseudomallei was confirmed by biochemical tests using the API 20NE system (bioMérieux) (Dance et al. 1989).The bacteria were short, motile bipolar gram-negative bacilli. All three isolates showed characteristic bipolar staining, probably because of intracellular deposits of β-hydroxy butyric acid (Inglis et al. 2001, Sprague & Neubauer 2004. A thick and dry pellicle with a matt surface was seen on BHI broth cultures. This pellicle forms at the broth-air interface, possibly because of positive aerotaxis of B. pseudomallei, and reflects a type of a multicellular organization that resembles a biofilm.On MacConkey agar after 24 h of incubation the colonies were pink-transparent, small, smooth, with sheen and convex. After seven days of culture, isolates 1 and 3 showed larges, circulars, viscous, with sheen on surface and entire borders colonies. Isolate 2 also produced circulars, with surface sheen and pink colonies, however showed consistence dry and wrinkled.Ashdown's selective agar is commonly used to culture the organism from a mixed flora. All the B. pseudomallei isolates had characteristic colonial morphology on Ashdown agar. The colonies were smooth, moist, purple in color, dome shaped, about 0.8 to 1 mm in diameter, on plates after 24 h of incubation at 37ºC. After seven days of incubation isolate 2 grew as purple colonies, wrinkled, 5 to 6 mm in diameter, which had centrally umbonated, with radiating ridges at the periphery and a characteristic earthy odor; this showed a typical colonial morphology (Ashdown 1979). Isolates 1 and 3 included both smooth and mucoid colonies. The isolation of mucoid variant strains from clinical specimens is relatively uncommon (Inglis et al. 2001). Howard and Inglis (2003) have suggested that this may reflect inhibitory effect of crystal violet in Ashdown's agar. However, th...

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supporting

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic characterization of three clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Ceará, Brazil

Virginio

Teixeira

Frota

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…This cluster was reported among four siblings, of which three died, from a rural area of Ceará following contact with water after the rainy season. 41,42 …”

Section: Salvadoran Female Resident Of the United States And Believedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Melioidosis Cases in the Americas

Benoit¹,

Blaney²,

Doker³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Melioidosis is a bacterial infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative saprophytic bacillus. Cases occur sporadically in the Americas with an increasing number of cases observed among people with no travel history to endemic countries. To better understand the incidence of the disease in the Americas, we reviewed the literature, including unpublished cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Of 120 identified human cases, occurring between 1947 and June 2015, 95 cases (79%) were likely acquired in the Americas; the mortality rate was 39%. Burkholderia pseudomallei appears to be widespread in South, Central, and North America.

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“…However, sporadic cases have been reported in west and east Africa, the Caribbean, Central and South America, and the Middle East (2). The first reported case of meliodosis in Brazil was in 2003 in the northeast state of Ceará (12). Afterwards, a few other cases, in non-CF patients, were described in this region (15).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%