Influence of Immunopreventable Diseases and AIDS on the Demand of an Infectious Diseases Department in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, in the Course of Thirty Years (1965-1994)

Abstract

Brazil's nosologic profile has been sustaining profound modifications. Some occurred because of massive immunization campaigns and socioeconomic and demographic trends. Some yet were pure nosologic transitions, such as the emergence of AIDS. In this demand study it is described how these changes reflected on the 8,630 admission of an Infectious Diseases Department in Niterói, along a thirty year period. Brazilian rural endemic diseases were infrequent (3.45%). Men predominated (62%) all the time, in all age strata and in nearly all diseases. Children under fifteen predominated until 1983. There was, in the case of tetanus, a striking rise in age strata. Institutional mortality dropped from 31% in 1965 to 10% in 1984, but rose since then to 15% in 1994. However, if AIDS patients had not been computed, mortality would have kept descending till 8% at the end of the study period. The crescent unimportance of immunopreventable diseases paralleled with the growing prominence of AIDS. In less than a decade, AIDS ranked fifth among the most frequent diseases in the whole period of thirty years. As opposed to the immunopreventable diseases, neither meningitides nor pneumonia appear to be in decline. AIDS, by its exponential incidence, by its chronic character, and by the uncountable opportunistic infections it determines, imposes itself as a challenge for the coming years.

The aetiology of maculopapular rash diseases in Niterói, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: implications for measles surveillance

“…Our data were obtained from two health care units (outpatients) and a reference hospital known to represent a fair approximation of the current endemic situation in the city [17]. Nevertheless, individuals who seek and get medical care for exanthematic diseases represent only a fraction of all those infected.…”

Morbilidad y mortalidad en el servicio de hospitalización del Departamento de enfermedades infecciosas, tropicales y dermatológicas del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia entre 1990 - 2000.

“…La mortalidad en pacientes con infección por el VIH fue significativamente mayor, así como la mortalidad en paciente ancianos y en pacientes con TBC. Contrastando con nuestros hallazgos, la mortalidad por enfermedades infecciosas en países industrializados muestra una clara tendencia a la disminución (9,19,20). Factores como mayor hospitalización de pacientes ancianos, creciente aumento en las hospitalizaciones por VIH y TBC pueden explicar este hallazgo en el DEITD.…”

Influence of vaccine-preventable diseases and HIV infection on demand for an infectious diseases service in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, over 22 years – Part II (1995-2016)

“…These changes may be largely attributed to the most relevant action of the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS) over this period, mass vaccination efforts that started with the inception of the National Immunization Program 40 years ago 1 . The Brazilian demographic and economic transition and the emergence of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) played an important role in these changes, as well 2 .…”

“…Setúbal et al 2 . studied three decades of demand due to infectious diseases in the Infectiology Service of the Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro (HUAP), Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, from the inception of this service in 1965 until 1994.…”