Severe scorpion envenomation in Brazil: clinical, laboratory and anatomopathological aspects

Cupo, Palmira; Jurca, Mauro C.; Azeedo-Marques, M. M.; Oliveira, João Samuel Meira de; Hering, Sylvia Evelyn

doi:10.1590/s0036-46651994000100011

Cited by 89 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Uno de los signos de envenenamiento sistémico escorpiónico es la hiperglicemia (17,13,20,37). El veneno de T. pachyurus indujo esta alteración metabólica en los ratones a dosis bajas (0,5 DL 50 ), pero no cuando se inyectó 1 DL 50 por vía subcutánea, observación que se reprodujo al repetir el experimento y para la cual hasta ahora no tenemos una explicación objetiva.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Aspectos toxinológicos e inmunoquímicos del veneno del escorpión Tityus pachyurus Pocock de Colombia: capacidad neutralizante de antivenenos producidos en Latinoamérica.

Barona¹,

Otero²,

Núñez³

2004

biomedica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la toxicidad y las características inmunoquímicas del veneno del escorpión Tityus pachyurus y su neutralización por tres antivenenos antiescorpión producidos en Latinoamérica: Alacramyn ® del Instituto Bioclón de México; el suero antiescorpiónico del Instituto Butantán de São Paulo, Brasil, y el suero antiescorpiónico del Centro de Biotecnología de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. Este escorpión produjo 0,68±0,20 mg (promedio ± DE) de veneno por estimulación manual, el cual presentó una dosis letal 50% (DL 50 ) en ratones de 4,8 µg/kg (91,3 µg/ratón de 18-20 g). Los signos de envenenamiento predominantes en los ratones fueron: sialorrea, dificultad respiratoria, sudoración generalizada, ataxia, alteraciones del comportamiento (excitabilidad, somnolencia) e hiperglicemia 3 y 24 horas después de la inyección 0,5 DL 50 del veneno por vía subcutánea. Para los antivenenos de México y Brasil, la dosis efectiva 50% neutralizante del efecto letal fue de 330 y 292 µg de veneno por ml de antiveneno, respectivamente. El antiveneno de Venezuela no neutralizó este efecto. Por electroforesis (SDS-PAGE) se demostró que el veneno contiene proteínas desde menos de 14 kd hasta 97 kd. Los Western blot indicaron reactividad inmunológica de los tres antivenenos con los diversos componentes del veneno, incluso las proteínas de baja masa molecular (<14 kd). Los resultados permiten concluir que el veneno de T. pachyurus es neutralizado eficientemente por los antivenenos contra picaduras de escorpiones producidos en México y Brasil.Palabras clave: escorpión, veneno, antiveneno, Tityus pachyurus, Colombia. Toxicological and immunological aspects of scorpion venom (Tytius pachyurus): neutralizing capacity of antivenoms produced in Latin AmericaThe toxicity and immunochemical properties of Tityus pachyurus Pocock scorpion venom was characterized, as well as the neutralization capacity against it by three anti-scorpion antivenoms (Alacramyn ® , Instituto Bioclón, México; Suero antiescorpiónico, Instituto Butantán, Sao Paulo, Brasil; and Suero antiescorpiónico, Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela). The venom yield, obtained by manual milking, 680±20 µg venom, a 50% lethal dose in mice was 4.8 µg/kg (90 µg for an 18-20 g mouse). The most common symptoms of venom poisoning in mice were sialorrhea, respiratory distress, profuse sweating, ataxia, behavior alterations (restlessness, somnolence) and hyperglycemia at 3 and 24 hours after subcutaneous venom injection (0.5 LD 50 ). The neutralizing capacity of Bioclón (México City) and Butantán (Sao Paulo) antivenoms (for a 50% effective dose) was 330 and 292 µg venom/ml antivenom, respectively. The Biotecnología (Caracas) antivenom did not neutralize the lethal effect of venom. By electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was demonstrated that the venom contains proteins from less than 14 kd to 97 kd. The Western blots indicated immunological reactivity of the three antivenoms with most of venom ...

show abstract

Section: Discussionunclassified

Aspectos toxinológicos e inmunoquímicos del veneno del escorpión Tityus pachyurus Pocock de Colombia: capacidad neutralizante de antivenenos producidos en Latinoamérica.

Barona¹,

Otero²,

Núñez³

2004

biomedica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The major site of action of the toxins is the sodium ion channel (4) where they modulate the release of neurotransmitters (5,6). This leads to a variety of adverse effects which include respiratory failure (7), lung edema (8,9), arrhythmias, tachycardia followed by bradycardia (10), skeletal muscle stimulation, lacrimation, convulsions, and enlarged pupils (11), among others (12,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have investigated the effect of age on the toxicity of T. serrulatus scorpion venom and other scorpion venoms (2,7,8,13,14). Clot-Faybesse et al (15) showed that 3-7-day-old mice were more susceptible to scorpion neurotoxin than 10-week-old adult mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age effects on the pharmacokinetics of tityustoxin from Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom in rats

Nunan

Arya

Hochhaus

et al. 2004

Braz J Med Biol Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pharmacokinetics of scorpion venom and its toxins has been investigated in experimental models using adult animals, although, severe scorpion accidents are associated more frequently with children. We compared the effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of tityustoxin, one of the most active principles of Tityus serrulatus venom, in young male/female rats (21-22 days old, N = 5-8) and in adult male rats (150-160 days old, N = 5-8). Tityustoxin (6 µg) labeled with 99m Technetium was administered subcutaneously to young and adult rats. The plasma concentration vs time data were subjected to non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis to obtain estimates of various pharmacokinetic parameters such as total body clearance (CL/ F), distribution volume (Vd/F), area under the curve (AUC), and mean residence time. The data were analyzed with and without considering body weight. The data without correction for body weight showed a higher C max (62.30 ± 7.07 vs 12.71 ± 2.11 ng/ml, P < 0.05) and AUC (296.49 ± 21.09 vs 55.96 ± 5.41 ng h -1 ml -1 , P < 0.05) and lower T max (0.64 ± 0.19 vs 2.44 ± 0.49 h, P < 0.05) in young rats. Furthermore, Vd/F (0.15 vs 0.42 l/kg) and CL/F (0.02 ± 0.001 vs 0.11 ± 0.01 l h -1 kg -1 , P < 0.05) were lower in young rats. However, when the data were reanalyzed taking body weight into consideration, the C max (40.43 ± 3.25 vs 78.21 ± 11.23 ng kg -1 ml -1 , P < 0.05) and AUC (182.27 ± 11.74 vs 344.62 ± 32.11 ng h -1 ml -1 , P < 0.05) were lower in young rats. The clearance (0.03 ± 0.002 vs 0.02 ± 0.002 l h -1 kg -1 , P < 0.05) and Vd/F (0.210 vs 0.067 l/kg) were higher in young rats. The raw data (not adjusted for body weight) strongly suggest that age plays a pivotal role in the disposition of tityustoxin. Furthermore, our results also indicate that the differences in the severity of symptoms observed in children and adults after scorpion envenomation can be explained in part by differences in the pharmacokinetics of the toxin.

show abstract

“…The mechanisms by which scorpion envenomation causes myocardial damage and systolic dysfunction are still the subject of intense controversy [4][5][6][7][8][9] . Sympathetic nervous system activation 9,10 and direct effects of the venom on the myocardium [11][12] are thought to be responsible for myocardial damage and systolic dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terapia de resgate com amiodarona em crianças com grave disfunção ventricular esquerda causada por veneno de escorpião

Santiago¹,

Dávila²,

Dávila³

et al. 2010

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Severe scorpion envenomation in Brazil: clinical, laboratory and anatomopathological aspects

Cited by 89 publications

References 23 publications

Aspectos toxinológicos e inmunoquímicos del veneno del escorpión Tityus pachyurus Pocock de Colombia: capacidad neutralizante de antivenenos producidos en Latinoamérica.

Aspectos toxinológicos e inmunoquímicos del veneno del escorpión Tityus pachyurus Pocock de Colombia: capacidad neutralizante de antivenenos producidos en Latinoamérica.

Age effects on the pharmacokinetics of tityustoxin from Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom in rats

Terapia de resgate com amiodarona em crianças com grave disfunção ventricular esquerda causada por veneno de escorpião

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About