Laboratory acquired infection by the virus SP H 114202 (Arenavirus: Arenaviridae): clinical and laboratory findings

Abstract

Here in is described the clinical and laboratorial findings of a laboratory-acquired infection caused by the virus SP H 114202 (Arenavirus, family Arenaviridae) a recently discovered agent responsible for a viral hemorrhagic fever. The patient was sick for 13 days. The disease had an abrupt onset characterized by high fever (39ºC.), headache, chills and myalgias for 8 days. In addition, on the 3rd day, the patient developed nauseas and vomiting, and in the 10th, epigastralgia, diarrheia and gengivorrhagia. Leucopenia was seen within the 1 st week of onset, with counts as low as 2,500 white cells per mm³. Counts performed after the 23th day of the onset were within normal limits. With the exception of moderate lymphocitosis, no changes were observed in differential counts. An increase in the liter of antibodies by complement fixation, neutralization and ELISA (IgM) was detected. Suckling mice and baby hamsters were inoculated intracerebrally with 0.02 ml of blood samples collected in the 2nd and 7th days of disease. Attempts to isolate the virus were also made in Vero cells. No virus was isolated. This virus was isolated before in a single occasion in São Paulo State, in 1990, from the blood of a patient with hemorrhagic fever with a fatal outcome. The manipulation of the virus under study, must be done carefully, since the transmission can occur through aerosols.

Detection of arboviruses of public health interest in free-living New World primates (Sapajus spp.; Alouatta caraya) captured in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

“…Consequently, local people and tourists who maintain close contact with the natural environment could be susceptible to infection with OROV 1 . During a surveillance program of yellow fever and Oropouche in Minas Gerais, OROV was isolated in a liver sample from a primate of the genus Callithrix 32 , which is considered a new host for OROV in Brazil.…”

“…Arboviruses are transmitted and maintained in nature through wild cycles, in which several species of bloodsucking arthropods act as vectors and wild vertebrates act as reservoir hosts 1 . The most commonly affected people are those who maintain close contact with wild environment s where ecological niches of arbovirus exist 2 .…”

“…The most commonly affected people are those who maintain close contact with wild environment s where ecological niches of arbovirus exist 2 . In these environments, arboviruses can cause meningitis and diseases of the central nervous system , as seen for infections with St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), Rocio virus (ROCV), eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) 1 .…”

“…Certain arboviruses appear regularly in urban areas, such as dengue virus (DENV) and Oropouche virus (OROV), or in periurban areas, such as Mayaro virus (MAYV) and yellow fever virus (YFV), causing epidemic febrile illnesses characterized by exanthematous and/or hemorrhagic fever 1 .…”

“…These viruses are classifi ed into fi ve principal families according to their antigenic properties and physicochemical characteristics: Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, Reoviridae, Togaviridae and Rhabdoviridae 1 .…”