Formas clínicas da Paracoccidioidomicose

Montenegro, M. R.

doi:10.1590/s0036-46651986000300012

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The former runs a more rapid course and is severer than the latter (116,123,198,222). In both cases, however, cell-mediated immune functions are abnormal, and in the absence of specific therapy, mortality is high (91,157,168 (113,116,198). Remission is often accompanied by significant pulmonary fibrosis (55,132,212).…”

Section: Clinical Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such a setting, the primary foci disappear and the fungus is usually destroyed, but host cells retain a "memory" of the infection. If the host-parasite balance is upset by immunosuppression or other causes, then the infection progresses and gives rise to full-blown disease (123,198).…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exogenous reinfection leading to symptomatic disease is also possible (113,123,198). Once established, the mycosis adopts one of two clinical forms, infection or disease.…”

Section: Clinical Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

1993

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This review summarizes knowledge on various aspects of paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycelial propagules, chlamydospores, and arthroconidia exhibit thermal dimorphism; arthroconidia are infectious in animals and, by electron microscopy, appear well provided for survival. The mycelial-to-yeast-phase transformation requires a strict control of glucan synthesis probably mediated by membrane enzymes. Hormonal influences on the transformation of the fungus (mycelium or conidium to yeast phase) have been demonstrated. Estrogen-binding proteins have been detected in the fungal cytosol, and during the transformation novel proteins are produced as a result of estradiol incorporation. Clinical forms have been better defined on the basis of better experimental models. Emphasis has been placed on the lungs as the portal of entry and on the existence of silent pulmonary infections. A specific Paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigen, the 43-kDa glycoprotein (Gp43), has been identified, characterized, and cloned. This has led to improved reproducibility and specificity of serologic tests. The depression of cell-mediated immune responses has been associated with severe disease in humans and in the experimental host. T-cell subsets in patients' tissues were characterized by means of monoclonal antibodies, and a reduced CD4/CD8 ratio was demonstrated. This has been related to alterations in lymphokine and tumor necrosis factor production, production of antigen-antibody complexes, etc. Amphotericin B has provided effective therapy. Azole derivatives have also improved prognosis and facilitated therapy. Itraconazole is presently the drug of choice, yet incapacitating sequelae (mainly pulmonary fibrosis) still constitute major problems.

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Section: Clinical Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

1993

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“…It is more frequent in males than in females, with an overall ratio of approximately 15:1 in areas of endemicity (20). Patients that present clinical manifestations give rise to the acute/subacute (juvenile-type) and chronic (adulttype) clinical forms (16). Patients with benign PCM (subclinical and chronic unifocal presentations) present low levels of specific antibodies, whereas those with the disseminated form typically show high levels of specific antibodies (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Pretreating Serum Samples on the Performance of a Latex Agglutination Test for Serodiagnosis of Paracoccidioidomycosis

Silveira-Gomes

Silva

2011

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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b Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a fungal disease caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and Brazil is one of the principal countries where it is endemic. Diagnosis is based on the observation of budding P. brasiliensis yeast in clinical specimens from patients; however, the sensitivity of the visualization of fungi is low, indicating that serological tests are used for early diagnosis. The double-immunodiffusion test (ID) is the "gold standard" test for serology in PCM, although the execution of this test requires the availability of laboratorial infrastructure. We report the improved performance of a latex agglutination test (LAT) by pretreating 30 serum samples from PCM patients and 71 controls (histoplasmosis and aspergillosis patients, patients with bacterial infections, and normal human sera) with a dilution buffer incubated at 37°C for 30 min. The sensitivity and specificity of the LAT test in the nonpretreated samples were 73% and 79%, respectively. However, when samples were pretreated, the sensitivity and specificity of the test increased to 90%. In this study, we did not observe cross-reactivity with histoplasmosis patient sera, but some reactions to sera from patients with aspergillosis and bacterial infections were noted. Normal human sera were not reactive in our tests. These results indicate the need for the elimination of heterologous reactions so that we can adequately use this method for screening cases of PCM.

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“…Quanto à matemática, resolvem problemas que exigem maior planejamento e controle, envolvendo percentuais, proporções e cálculo de área, além de interpretar tabelas de dupla entrada, mapas e gráficos. (13) Com base no proposto acima, pode-se afirmar que o alfabetismo de nível pleno deveria ser a meta da educação básica, já que os pesquisadores do próprio INAF consideram que somente ele é considerado satisfatório, pois permite que a pessoa possa utilizar com autonomia a leitura como meio de informação e aprendizagem, tornando-se um sujeito independente dentro da sociedade e de qualquer grupo, possuidor de meios suficientes para argumentar, questionar, reivindicar e até mesmo para se informar sobre determinado assunto.…”

Section: • Alfabetismo De Nível Plenounclassified

Alfabetismo funcional, linguagem e inclusão social

Toledo

2016

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ResumoEste texto traz reflexões sobre o problema do analfabetismo funcional no Brasil e sua estreita relação com a exclusão social. Embora a escola brasileira tenha cumprido seu papel de garantir o acesso universal às nossas crianças e jovens, sua permanência é um desafio e o fracasso escolar é uma triste realidade. O número assustador de jovens analfabetos e analfabetos funcionais, ou seja, jovens que não conseguem ler eISSN 1809-8150

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Formas clínicas da Paracoccidioidomicose

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

Effects of Pretreating Serum Samples on the Performance of a Latex Agglutination Test for Serodiagnosis of Paracoccidioidomycosis

Alfabetismo funcional, linguagem e inclusão social

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