Evidence of inadequate docosahexaenoic acid status in Brazilian pregnant and lactating women

Torres, Alexandre Guedes; Trugo, N. M. F.

doi:10.1590/s0034-89102009000200018

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Our findings of a high n-6/n-3 ratio from our study are in agreement with a previous review of studies in the Brazilian population on the increased consumption of LA and the decreasing consumption of DHA 31 . Our study possibly did not capture this due to a small sample size, thus, future studies should include larger sample sizes of women with varied fatty acid intakes to allow for more generalizable results.…”

Section: Commentsupporting

confidence: 93%

Preterm infant language development: a role for breast milk fatty acids

Toro‐Ramos

Méio²,

Morsch³

et al. 2013

J. Hum. Growth Dev.

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Premature infants have an increased risk of developmental disabilities during infancy and childhood. A crucial period of fetal polyunsaturated fatty acid accretion bypassed with prematurity. Objective: to study how the fatty acid composition of breast milk in breast-fed premature infants is associated with cognitive, language, and motor development. Methods: participants included twenty-five healthy preterms, born adequate for gestational age at the Fernandez Figueira Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fatty acid composition of breast milk samples from the first week postpartum was analyzed using gas-liquid chromatography. Bayley-III developmental scales were applied at 9 or 12 months corrected age. Results: regression analyses revealed that the ratio of linoleic acid to alpha-linolenic acid was positively associated with receptive language development (â = 1.49, p = 0.03). Women with preterm infants showed breast milk long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids concentrations consistent with worldwide levels and a high ratio of linoleic acid to alpha-linolenic acid that might be beneficial for language development in the premature infant.Conclusion: a higher ratio of linoleic to alpha-linolenic acid in breast milk could exert beneficial effects for receptive language development in preterm infants fed breast milk. Larger adequately powered longitudinal studies are recommended to better understand the breast milk composition of this population and its association to developmental indices during infancy.

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Section: Commentsupporting

confidence: 93%

Preterm infant language development: a role for breast milk fatty acids

Toro‐Ramos

Méio²,

Morsch³

et al. 2013

J. Hum. Growth Dev.

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“…These results suggest that, comparatively, the higher AA status of the adolescents may affect mother-fetal n-3 LC-PUFA transfer, contributing to the lesser proportion of EPA in the umbilical cord plasma of this age group [37]. Previous report had pointed out that despite the scarcity of information regarding the impact of pregnancy and lactation on EFA and LC-PUFA status in adolescents, these two physiological situations may affect the status of these fatty acids differently in adults and adolescents [38]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of fatty acids in the maternal and umbilical cord plasma of adolescent and adult mothers: relationship with anthropometric parameters of newborn

et al. 2012

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BackgroundConsidering the importance of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids to fetal development and the lack of studies that have compared the status of fatty acids between adolescents and adults mothers, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the composition of fatty acids in maternal and umbilical cord plasma from adolescent and adults mothers.MethodsForty pregnant adolescents and forty pregnant adults were selected to assess the distribution profile of fatty acids in the maternal and umbilical cord plasma. Quantification of fatty acids in the total lipids of the sample groups was performed through the use of gas-liquid chromatography.ResultsThe maternal and umbilical cord plasma of the adolescents showed a greater concentration of AA than did that of the adults (P < 0.05). However, a greater percentage of EPA was found in the umbilical cord plasma of the adults (P < 0.05). DHA in the plasma of the adolescent mothers correlated positively to birth weight and head circumference.ConclusionsThis suggests that in situations of greater nutritional risk, as in adolescent pregnancy, n-3PUFA concentrations have a greater influence on the proper development of newborns. Moreover, variations in fatty acid concentrations in the maternal and cord plasma of adolescents and adults may indicate that pregnancy affects the LC-PUFA status of adults and adolescents in distinct ways.

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“…The main limitation of this investigation is the socioeconomic background of the study sample. A study review of long chain essential fatty acids status in Brazilian pregnant women showed inadequacy of dietary DHA intake and low maternal DHA blood status compared to the international literature (23). That is probably the critical reason why we have not found a positive association of lower omega-3 blood status with SR or MDE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-6 fatty acids and greater likelihood of suicide risk and major depression in early pregnancy

Vaz

Kac

Nardi³

et al. 2014

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Objective To estimate the prevalence of suicide risk (SR) and major depressive episode (MDE) in early pregnancy, and the relationship of fatty acids serum status to these outcomes. Method Cross-sectional analyses of 234 pregnant women enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil were performed. SR and MDE were defined according to MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Fatty acids compositions were determined in serum samples obtained between the 6th and 13th gestational week. Statistical analyses included univariate and multiple logistic regressions. Fatty acids data were expressed both as percent of total fatty acids and converted to Z scores then entered as continuous variable into regression models. Results The prevalence of SR was 19.6% and MDE was 17.0%. Higher likelihood of SR was observed among women with higher arachidonic acid [AA (20:4n-6): OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.02-2.07] and adrenic acid [AdA (22:4 n-6): OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.01-2.04], and for MDE: AA [OR=1.47, 95% CI 1.03-2.10], and AdA [OR=1.59, 95% CI 1.09-2.32], per standard deviation of fatty acid, in adjusted logistic regressions. Conclusion Higher serum status of AA and AdA, two omega-6 fatty acids, were associated with greater likelihood of SR and MDE among pregnant Brazilian women independently of confounding variables.

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Evidence of inadequate docosahexaenoic acid status in Brazilian pregnant and lactating women

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Preterm infant language development: a role for breast milk fatty acids

Preterm infant language development: a role for breast milk fatty acids

Composition of fatty acids in the maternal and umbilical cord plasma of adolescent and adult mothers: relationship with anthropometric parameters of newborn

Omega-6 fatty acids and greater likelihood of suicide risk and major depression in early pregnancy

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