Poluição atmosférica e doenças respiratórias em crianças na cidade de Curitiba, PR

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the effects of air pollution levels on respiratory morbidity among children from 1999 to 2000. Methods Daily records of health center attendance due to respiratory diseases among children were obtained from the public health system in Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil. Daily levels of particulate matter (PM 10 ), smoke, NO 2 and O 3 were obtained from both Paraná State Environmental Institute and the Development Technology Institute, a non-governmental agency. Daily measurements of temperature and relative humidity were obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology. Generalized additive Poisson regression models were used to assess the relationship between respiratory diseases and air pollution, controlling for long-term seasonality using loess (a non-parametric smoothing function), weather and weekdays. A significance level of 5% was adopted in all the analyses. Results All pollutants presented an effect on respiratory diseases among children. An increase of 40,4 µg/m 3 in the 3-day moving average of smoke was associated with an increase of 4.5% (95% CI: 1.5-7.6) in the attendance of children with respiratory diseases. ConclusionThe results suggest that air pollution promotes adverse effects on children's respiratory health even when pollutant levels are lower than the air quality standards.

Aerossois de queimadas e doencas respiratorias em criancas, Manaus, Brasil

“…2 Although standards of Brazilian air quality for PM 2.5 are studied, Brazilian legislation only contains maximum values for PM 10. Links with hospital admissions proved to be significant when grouped by week, with a greater number of environmental variables, compared to when grouped Many studies have found adverse effects referring to climatic effects and pollutants on respiratory morbidity, depending on the region studied, the sources of the emissions, the model of hospital management and number of beds available for respiratory disease, among other factors. 1,4 Results of recent studies in the Brazilian Amazon have behaved in a similar was: frequency and rates of morbidity due to respiratory disease were relatively related to certain concentrations of particulate material, 13 to periods of low air humidity and to burning in the region. 7,18 The time series of the hospital admissions in Manaus showed seasonal behavior clearly associated with air humidity (Figure 2b).…”

Associação entre poluição atmosférica e doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares na cidade de Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brasil

“…Sua metodologia tem sido aprimorada e utilizada sistematicamente por nosso grupo em estudos realizados nas cidades de São Paulo 3,4,5 , Araraquara 21 , Piracicaba 22 e Curitiba 30 .…”

Children's Environment in Brazil: From Domestic (Indoor) to Regional Threats

“…Several authors have explored the deleterious effect of outdoor air pollution on pediatric respiratory morbidity [117,119,124] with decrease in lung function [106], with increased risk for asthma [111] and pneumonia in children [99,113] in urban areas like the cities of São Paulo [100,114,122,123], Rio de Janeiro [105], Curitiba [119] and Sobral [104]. Considering the lack of information on the air pollution effects on mortality in children's group, a study [121] showed the significant association between respiratory mortality in children and air pollution, in a city of SE Region.…”