Aspectos ecológicos da tripanossomíase americana: XV - desenvolvimento, variação e permanência de Triatoma sordida, Panstrongylus megistus e Rhodnius neglectus em ecótopos artificiais

An Investigation on the Ecology of Triatoma vitticeps (Stal, 1859) and its Possible Role in the Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, in the Locality of Triunfo, Santa Maria Madalena Municipal District, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…vitticeps may be considered a sylvatic species by the low prevalence of human infection (Santos et al 1969a,c, Pinto et al 1969, 1986, Barros et al 1975, Peçanha et al 1983, Silveira et al 1983, Dias et al 1989) and the high rates of infection by T. cruzi observed only in adults bugs (Santos et al 1969b, Silveira et al 1983, Ferreira et al 1986, Sessa & Carias 1986, Dias et al 1989 evidencing that the parasite has been acquired outside the houses. However, it is begining to colonize in some localities (Sessa & Carias 1986, Dias et al 1989, Santos et al 1969b, Silveira et al 1983, suggesting a wide ecological valence which was previously low (Forattini et al 1979). The results of the present work show a great difference in the number of insects trappeded in areas A and B of the locality of Triunfo, which seems to be related with the preservation of the second area, since both were isolated from each other and from area C.…”

Aspectos ecológicos da tripanossomíase americana: XVI - dispersão e ciclos anuais de colônias de Triatoma sordida e de Panstrongylus megistus espontaneamente desenvolvidas em ecótopos artificiais

“…Em decorrência disso, pôde-se dispor da distribuição dos totais correspondentes a 13.561 espécimens de P. megistus observados durante as várias inspecções em 5 GE, dos quais quatro relatados no mencionado trabalho anterior e um correspondente às pesquisas atuais. No que concerne a T. sordida, a mesma orientação permitiu o total de 6.192 exemplares, da mesma maneira obtidos em 7 GE, 2 dos quais relativos àquela publicação e 5 incluídos nas presentes investigações (Forattini e col. 5 …”

Occurrence of synanthropic triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in the Federal District of Brazil

“…The development of colonies of P. megistus occurs in humid environments 23,33 , and it is possible that gallery forests may be the natural habitat of populations of this species. With the disorganized growth of administrative regions many domiciles are found close to these areas, and this may favor dispersal by flight and domiciliary invasion of these triatomines, stimulated by environmental changes such as reduction of food sources in the wild environment, presence of food sources in peridomicile, and/or rising temperature 23,[33][34][35][36][37][38] . In this context, urban areas surrounded by remainder forests and with marked climate change over the year (as in DF) are likely to favor the invasion of P. megistus in artificial ecotopes.…”

“…In the northeast of Brazil T. pseudomaculata has great importance for epidemiological surveillance of Chagas disease, its being the most frequent species after T. brasiliensis 15,42 . Some studies have suggested that the increasing presence of T. pseudomaculata in the domiciliary environment is related to climate change, deforestation, and cropland expansion 25,44 , which could explain the higher frequency of this species in the rural areas of Planaltina and Paranoá, observed in the present study.Regardless of the fact that it has remained the most collected species in cerrado areas of Brazil for the past years 18,45-47 , T. sordida presents a low risk of transmission of T. cruzi to humans because of its peridomiciliary behavior and marked ornithophily 15,34,[46][47] . Some studies show that zones of higher occurrence of T. sordida correspond to those of higher and older farm exploration 33 , which may justify the higher frequency of this species in Planaltina.…”