Factors associated with arterial stiffness in children aged 9-10 years

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To analyze the factors associated with stiffness of the great arteries in prepubertal children.METHODS This study with convenience sample of 231 schoolchildren aged 9-10 years enrolled in public and private schools in Vitória, ES, Southeastern Brazil, in 2010-2011. Anthropometric and hemodynamic data, blood pressure, and pulse wave velocity in the carotid-femoral segment were obtained. Data on current and previous health conditions were obtained by questionnaire and notes on the child’s health card. Multiple linear regression was applied to identify the partial and total contribution of the factors in determining the pulse wave velocity values.RESULTS Among the students, 50.2% were female and 55.4% were 10 years old. Among those classified in the last tertile of pulse wave velocity, 60.0% were overweight, with higher mean blood pressure, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Birth weight was not associated with pulse wave velocity. After multiple linear regression analysis, body mass index (BMI) and diastolic blood pressure remained in the model.CONCLUSIONS BMI was the most important factor in determining arterial stiffness in children aged 9-10 years.

Predictors and Reference Values of Pulse Wave Velocity in Prepubertal Angolan Children

“…4,25,34,36 Obesity and central adiposity are also considered by some studies as factors that affect several characteristics of the arterial wall leading to increasing PWV. 6,8,37 BMI was associated with increased PWV in a study of children aged 9 and 10 years, 38 which was not found in our study. Other indexes of obesity also were not associated to PWV in our study.…”

“…Lurbe and colleagues found a positive relationship between PWV and PP with birth weight in children and adolescents. This association was not found by Batista and colleagues who assessed these variables in children aged 9 and 10 years. We did not observe a significant association between birth weight and PWV, but the correlation with PP was negative and significant, confirming the hypothesis that children with low birth weight have greater PP, possibly because of an earlier return of the pulse wave reflection.…”

Associação de indicadores antropométricos e pressão arterial com a relação cintura/estatura em escolares

“…Lajeado, RS, 2014. hipertensas (25) , e outro no estado de Santa Catarina, no qual a prevalência de crianças hipertensas foi de 4,5% (26) . No presente estudo, a prevalência da PAS e PAD com valores acima do normal foi de 12,8% e 5,9%, respectivamente, índices inferiores aos encontrados por um estudo que apresentou 45% de elevação para PAD e 29% de elevação para PAS (27) , e superior a outro estudo no qual a prevalência foi de 4 % para PAS e 3% para PAD (28) . Estudos demonstraram que as médias de PAS e PAD foram superiores no sexo masculino (20,29) , assim como o atual estudo.…”

Os fatores de riscos envolvidos no desenvolvimento da hipertensão infantil e suas consequências

“…5,13 Alguns desses estudos ainda sugerem que a associação da hipertensão em crianças obesas, refere-se a ativação do sistema nervoso simpático, observando um desequilíbrio pelo deslocamento do mecanismo de controle da pressão arterial da diurese e a natriurese para maiores níveis de HAS. 1,14 Certas condições estão fortemente associadas à HAS, muitas vezes pouco encontradas na infância, mas não exclusas dessa época de vida, a saber, fumar e o uso de contraceptivos, álcool, cocaína, anfetaminas, esteróides anabolizantes, fenilpropanolamina e pseudoefedrina (descongestionantes nasais), com isso no geral podemos classificar como fatores preponderantemente adaptaveis e adequaveis.…”