Deladenus siricidicola,bedding (Neotylenchidae) parasitism evaluation in adult Sirex noctilio, Fabricius, 1793 (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)

Fenili, Renato; Mendes, C. J.; Miquelluti, David José; Mariano-Da-Silva, S.; Xavier, Y.; Ribas, H. S.; Furlan, G.

doi:10.1590/s0034-71082000000400020

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In Australia infection can reach 100% of the population within inoculated trees (Bedding & Akhurst, 1974, but see Nahrung et al ., 2015); infection levels in Brazil are 70 to 80% (Iede et al ., 1998), and in South Africa infection ranges from 23 to 96% (Tribe & Cillié, 2004). However there have been less successful introductions in Brazil (Fenili et al ., 2000), Argentina (Eskiviski et al ., 2003) and South Africa (Hurley et al ., 2007). The abundance of D. siricidicola could be affected by environmental conditions – including any factors that influence growth of A. areolatum , on which the nematodes feed within trees before infecting larvae (Hurley et al ., 2008; Carnegie & Bashford, 2012; Nahrung et al ., 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population biology of the European woodwasp,Sirex noctilio, in Galicia, Spain

Lombardero

Ayres

Krivak-Tetley

et al. 2016

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) is rare and rarely studied where it is native in Eurasia, but is a widespread pest of pines in the Southern Hemisphere. Here we report on the abundance, basic biology, host use patterns and natural enemies of native S. noctilio in Galicia, Spain. Most trees attacked by S. noctilio failed to produce any adult progeny: >90% of emergences came from <20% of the attacked trees. The highest reproduction was in Pinus pinaster, followed by Pinus sylvestris and Pinus radiata. The proportions of S. noctilio requiring 1, 2 or 3 years for development were 0.72: 0.24: 0.04. Delayed development could be an adaptation to avoid parasitic nematodes, which sterilized 41.5% adults with one year generation time but only 19% of adults with 2 years generation time. Hymenoptera parasitoids accounted for 20% mortality. Sex ratios were male biased at 1: 2.9. Body size and fecundity were highly variable and lower than previously reported from the Southern Hemisphere. On attacked trees, there were 5-20 attacks per standard log (18 dm2), with usually 1-3 drills per attack. Attack densities and drills per attack were higher in trees that subsequently died. The production of S. noctilio per log was positively related to total attacks, and negatively related to: (1) attack density, (2) incidence of blue stain from Ophiostoma fungi and (3) frequency of lesions in plant tissue around points of attack. A preliminary life table for S. noctilio in Galicia estimated effects on potential population growth rate from (in decreasing order of importance) host suitability, unequal sex ratio, parasitic nematodes and Hymenoptera parasitoids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population biology of the European woodwasp,Sirex noctilio, in Galicia, Spain

Lombardero

Ayres

Krivak-Tetley

et al. 2016

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…Despite these successful cases, parasitism from inoculated trees has often been very low. In the Santa Cantarina state of Brazil, only 18.84% parasitism was obtained from directly inoculated logs ( n = 1810 wasps) ( Fenili et al , 2000 ). Fenili et al (2000) suggested loss of nematode viability or virulence, inoculation technique, nematode migration ability and climatic conditions as possible reasons for the low level of parasitism.…”

Section: Parasitic Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Santa Cantarina state of Brazil, only 18.84% parasitism was obtained from directly inoculated logs ( n = 1810 wasps) ( Fenili et al , 2000 ). Fenili et al (2000) suggested loss of nematode viability or virulence, inoculation technique, nematode migration ability and climatic conditions as possible reasons for the low level of parasitism. In Argentina, Eskiviski et al (2003) compared parasitism rates between nematodes originally obtained from Brazil and reared for 3 years and nematodes obtained from infected wasps caught in Misiones and reared for 1 year.…”

Section: Parasitic Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of control results for the alien invasive woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, in the southern hemisphere

Hurley

Slippers

Wingfield

2007

Agri and Forest Entomology

179

181

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1 Sirex noctilio has resulted in one of the most damaging biological invasions of pine forestry in the southern hemisphere. 2 An intensive, integrated control programme has been developed for this pest and is generally considered very successful. However, a critical comparison of S. noctilio infestations and control efforts throughout the southern hemisphere reveals that control has not been uniformly effective. Of particular concern is the apparently unexplained variability in establishment and success of biological control agents, including various parasitic wasps and the parasitic nematode Deladenus siricidicola . 3 An overlooked aspect in the establishment of the biological control interventions for S. noctilio is the potential influence of genetic bottlenecks on the ability of the agents to adapt to different environments and different populations of S. noctilio . 4 Despite established biological control agents, stress in forests caused by silvicultural practices or the environment will predispose trees to heavy infestation. Unfortunately, improved silvicultural practices are not always economically feasible and environmental changes are often unavoidable. 5 Sirex noctilio continues to pose a serious threat to pine forestry in many areas.Despite extensive earlier research into a single integrated control for S. noctilio , it is important to recognize that such a strategy will probably require significant local adaptation in new areas of infestation and over time.

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“…Loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., native to SE USA, is grown extensively in South America and, along with P. elliottii is the most commonly planted commercial pine species in Brazil and Argentina (Klasmer and Botto, 2012) and the most susceptible to S. noctilio (Fenili et al, 2000;Iede et al, 2012). In this host, S. noctilio parasitism by D. siricidicola varies between 0 and 90% (Iede et al, 2012;Nahrung et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%