Estimating parasitoid immature mortality by comparing oviposition and pupal development of Trichogramma galloi ZUCCHI and T. pretiosum RILEY on natural and factitious hosts

Cônsoli, Fernando L.; Parra, José Roberto Postali; Vinson, S. Bradleigh

doi:10.1590/s0034-71082000000300003

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Amongst radiation methods, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of host eggs is frequently used for rearing egg parasitoids. It is known to improve survival of parasitoids during immature stages by preventing cannibalism (Kfir and van Hamburg 1988) and limiting unknown mortality factors of early immature stages (Cônsoli et al. 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host suitability of UV‐irradiated eggs of three Lepidoptera species for rearing Trichogrammatoidea lutea Girault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Mawela¹,

Kfir²,

Krüger³

2010

J Applied Entomology

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To develop a rearing programme for the egg parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea lutea for augmentative biological control, the effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiated host eggs were evaluated on the number of eggs parasitized, development time, number of progeny and sex ratio of T. lutea, using eggs of the lepidopteran species Helicoverpa armigera, Chilo partellus and Cadra cautella as hosts. UV‐irradiation of 13 min was sufficient to kill embryos of all three hosts. The highest mean percentage parasitism on UV‐irradiated and un‐irradiated eggs occurred on those of H. armigera (47.8% and 33.3%) and C. cautella (33.2% and 55.5%), followed by C. partellus (6.6% for both). The mean number of individuals emerged per single parasitized host of UV‐irradiated and un‐irradiated eggs was highest for H. armigera (2.5 and 2.1) and lower for C. partellus (1.3 and 1.4) and C. cautella (0.9 and 0.8). The sex ratio of T. lutea was female‐biased on UV‐irradiated eggs of H. armigera, on UV‐irradiated and un‐irradiated eggs of C. cautella, and male‐biased for C. partellus eggs and un‐irradiated eggs of H. armigera. The developmental time of T. lutea from egg to adult male and female differed slightly between UV‐irradiated and un‐irradiated eggs. Overall, UV‐irradiation of host eggs had negligible effects on percent parasitism, number of progeny per parasitized egg and sex ratio of T. lutea. Of the three lepidopteran species evaluated, H. armigera appears to be the most suitable host for mass‐rearing of T. lutea. The results indicate that UV‐irradiation of Lepidoptera eggs is suitable for mass rearing of T. lutea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host suitability of UV‐irradiated eggs of three Lepidoptera species for rearing Trichogrammatoidea lutea Girault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Mawela¹,

Kfir²,

Krüger³

2010

J Applied Entomology

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“…Finally, the host's immune response capacity may decline due to increased radiation, which is of considerable significance to be applied as an alternative rearing procedure in different parasitoid–host relationships that are not viable under lab conditions (Hoffmann et al ., 2001; Muhammad et al ., 2013; Hasan et al ., 2019). Similarly, lab-reared parasitoid production levels are low due to the immunological action of the artificially reared host, which could be avoided using radiation (Consoli et al ., 2000; Hasan et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing radiation doses in Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae improve parasitoid mass-rearing attributes

Cancino

Ayala

Ríos

et al. 2022

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Doses of 40, 80, 120, and 160 Gy were applied to 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-day-old Anastrepha obliqua larvae, which were exposed to the Neotropical-native braconids Doryctobracon crawfordi and Utetes anastrephae and the Asian braconid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata. These tests were performed to know the effect of the increase in host radiation on the emergence of the aforementioned parasitoids and the related consequences of oviposition on the host. The study was based on the fact that higher radiation doses may cause a decrease in the host immune activity. There was a direct relationship between the increase in radiation dose and the parasitoid emergence. Both, the weight and the mortality of the host larvae were not affected by radiation. Although the larval weight of the larvae was lower and the mortality was higher in the younger larvae. Both, the number of scars and immature stages per host puparium originated from the younger larvae were lower than those from older larvae. Only U. anastrephae superparasitized more at lower radiation. Superparasitism by D. longicaudata was more frequent at 160 Gy. Qualitative measurements of melanin in the larvae parasitized showed that the levels were lower with increasing radiation. As radiation doses increased, the antagonistic response of the A. obliqua larva was reduced. Host larvae aged 5- and 6-day-old irradiated at 120–160 Gy significantly improve parasitoid emergence. This evidence is relevant for the mass production of the three tested parasitoid species.

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“…Mortality, parasitism capacity, and longevity of the surviving females were evaluated. Parasitism was evaluated based on the color of the eggs of E. kuehniella , either black (parasitized) or yellowish white (non-parasitized), observed under a stereoscopic microscope [ 19 ]. The percentage of emergence (number of eggs with holes in relation to the number of black eggs) and sex ratio—the proportion of females in the population (based on the adults’ antennae)—were also evaluated [ 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Integrated Management of Gymnandrosoma aurantianum Possible with Trichogramma atopovirilia and Novel Products Used in Citrus Orchards in Brazil?

Cantori

Filho

Pazini

et al. 2023

Insects

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In Brazil, the citrus fruit borer, Gymnandrosoma aurantianum Lima, 1927, is a serious pest in orange orchards, causing an annual loss of 80 million US dollars, and is managed with multiple insecticide applications, often 56 in a single season. On the other hand, the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, 1983 has the potential for controlling G. aurantianum by attacking its eggs. Considering the intensive insecticide applications in citrus orchards in Brazil to control the large complex of pests, especially Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, 1908, evaluation of the harmful effects of insecticides on T. atopovirilia is important to maximize efficiency in managing G. aurantianum. Here, we tested the effects of new products used in citrus orchards (cyantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole + abamectin, abamectin, sulfoxaflor, spinetoram, flupyradifure, and Cordyceps fumosorosea (Wize) Kepler, B. Shrestha & Spatafora) on adults and pupae of T. atopovirilia. Of the insecticides tested, spinetoram caused the highest impacts on T. atopovirilia parasitism, longevity, emergence, and mortality. The other products caused more sublethal than lethal effects and were classified as 1 and/or 2 in the IOBC/WPRS classification. Abamectin, cyantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole + abamectin, and the entomopathogenic fungus C. fumosorosea were classified as short-lived. Except for spinetoram, these products were classified as selective. In this study, spinetoram was considered harmful to T. atopovirilia and, therefore, should be managed carefully in IPM programs combining this parasitoid. In order to safely use this insecticide, one should respect the interval of release of the parasitoid, which is 21 days after its spraying. The novel products tested, cyantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole + abamectin, abamectin, sulfoxaflor, and the entomopathogenic fungi C. fumosorosea were selective and non-persistent to T. atopovirilia. These products are possible replacements for non-selective insecticides to achieve higher control from both chemical and biological tools.

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Estimating parasitoid immature mortality by comparing oviposition and pupal development of Trichogramma galloi ZUCCHI and T. pretiosum RILEY on natural and factitious hosts

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Host suitability of UV‐irradiated eggs of three Lepidoptera species for rearing Trichogrammatoidea lutea Girault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Host suitability of UV‐irradiated eggs of three Lepidoptera species for rearing Trichogrammatoidea lutea Girault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Increasing radiation doses in Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae improve parasitoid mass-rearing attributes

Is Integrated Management of Gymnandrosoma aurantianum Possible with Trichogramma atopovirilia and Novel Products Used in Citrus Orchards in Brazil?

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