Toxoplasmose congênita em filho de mãe cronicamente infectada com reativação de retinocoroidite na gestação

Andrade, Gláucia Manzan Queiroz de; Vasconcelos-Santos, Daniel Vítor; Carellos, Ericka Viana Machado; Romanelli, Roberta Maia de Castro; Vítor, Ricardo Wagner Almeida; Carneiro, Ana Carolina Aguiar Vasconcelos; Januário, José Nélio

doi:10.1590/s0021-75572010000100015

Cited by 45 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…T. gondii infection normally causes mild symptoms or is asymptomatic in humans, but toxoplasma encephalitis has emerged as one of the most frequent opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients [3]. In addition, T. gondii infection during pregnancy carries a high risk of congenital toxoplasmosis in infants or acute retinochoroiditis in pregnant women [4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of Toxoplasma gondii aspartic protease 1 as a novel vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis

et al. 2013

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BackgroundToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that can pose a serious threat to human health by causing toxoplasmosis. There are no drugs that target the chronic cyst stage of this infection; therefore, development of an effective vaccine would be an important advance. Aspartic proteases play essential roles in the T. gondii lifecycle. The parasite has four aspartic protease encoding genes, which are called toxomepsin 1, 2, 3 and 5 (TgASP1, 2, 3 and 5, respectively).MethodsBioinformatics approaches have enabled us to identify several promising linear-B cell epitopes and potential Th-cell epitopes on TgASP1, thus supporting its potential as a DNA vaccine against toxoplasmosis. We expressed TgASP1 in Escherichia coli and used the purified protein to immunize BALB/c mice. The antibodies obtained were used to determine where TgASP1 was localized in the parasite. We also made a TgASP1 DNA vaccine construct and evaluated it for the level of protection conferred to mice against infection with the virulent RH strain of T. gondii.ResultsTgASP1 appears to be a membrane protein located primarily at the tip of the T. gondii tachyzoite. Investigation of its potential as a DNA vaccine showed that it elicited strong humoral and cellular immune responses in mice, and that these responses were mediated by Th-1 cells. Mice immunized with the vaccine had greater levels of protection against mortality following challenge with T. gondii RH tachyzoites than did those immunized with PBS or the empty vector control.ConclusionsTgASP1 is a novel candidate DNA vaccine that merits further investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of Toxoplasma gondii aspartic protease 1 as a novel vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis

et al. 2013

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“…In both groups, about half of the new lesions appeared at age 10 or older, Figure 2. Although in general preimmune women are felt to be incapable of transmitting toxoplasmosis to a fetus, a case has been reported of transmission from a mother who had reactivation of chorioretinitis during pregnancy [48]. As for CMV, reinfection with multiple serovars may be possible.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and Reproduction in the Transmission of Infectious Uveitis

Davis

2014

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Current data permit only speculations regarding sex differences in the prevalence of infectious uveitis between women and men because uveitis case surveys do not uniformly report gender data. Differences in prevalence that are reported in the literature could relate to simple differences in the number of women and men at risk for infection or to biological differences between men and women. Compared to other types of uveitis, infectious uveitis may be directly related to occupational exposures or sexual behaviors, which differ between women and men, and may mask actual biological differences in susceptibility to ocular manifestations of the infection and its prognosis. In infectious uveitis for which there is no element of sexual transmission and data is available, prevalence of ocular disease is roughly equal between women and men. Women also have a unique relationship with infectious uveitis in their role as mothers. Vertical transmission of infections such as herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, and cytomegalovirus can produce severe chorioretinitis in neonates.

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“…Transplacental transmission of T. gondii is potentially possible in mothers with focal retinitis that occurred after remote primary infection. Treatment that is safe for the fetus should be instituted in each case to decrease the likelihood of maternofetal transmission [ 7 – 11 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar findings were reported by Silveira et al [ 8 ] and Park et al [ 9 ]. There is a potential risk to the fetus as there have been reports of mother-to-child transmission during reactivation of maternal ocular toxoplasmosis in pregnancy [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Toxoplasmic Retinochoroiditis during Pregnancy, Postpartum Period and Lactation: Clinical Observations

et al. 2015

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BackgroundDuring pregnancy and labor, the immune response is physiologically impaired and women are more susceptible to infections. Since many drugs may have potentially adverse effects on the fetus and newborn, less aggressive treatment regimens should be considered in pregnant and lactating patients. The aim of our study was to present the management of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis during pregnancy, postpartum period, and lactation.Material/MethodsA retrospective study was undertaken of the clinical records of 24 women during pregnancy, postpartum period, and lactation who were referred in the years 1994–2014 to the Department of Zoonoses and Tropical Diseases or the Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw for toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. The diagnosis was based on the typical ophthalmoscopic picture, confirmed by serological testing using an ELISA method.ResultsA total of 28 attacks of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis were observed in 24 patients during pregnancy, postpartum period, and lactation. The choice of treatment was guided by the character and location of the inflammatory lesion and the gestational age. Topical (steroidal/nonsteroidal eye drops) and systemic treatments with spiramycin or azithromycin, Fansidar (pyrimethamine 25 mg/sulfadoxine 500 mg), and prednisone were used.ConclusionsManagement of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis during pregnancy, postpartum period, or lactation must be individualized and guided by the gestational age and location of the active lesion. Women of childbearing age with toxoplasma ocular lesions should be informed by their doctors about possible active recurrences during pregnancy and followed carefully by an ophthalmologist when pregnant.

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Toxoplasmose congênita em filho de mãe cronicamente infectada com reativação de retinocoroidite na gestação

Cited by 45 publications

References 5 publications

Identification and characterization of Toxoplasma gondii aspartic protease 1 as a novel vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis

Identification and characterization of Toxoplasma gondii aspartic protease 1 as a novel vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis

Sex and Reproduction in the Transmission of Infectious Uveitis

Management of Toxoplasmic Retinochoroiditis during Pregnancy, Postpartum Period and Lactation: Clinical Observations

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