Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares e rizobactérias promotoras de crescimento na aclimatização de zingiber spectabile

Abstract

RESUMOMicrorganismos benéficos exercem importantes funções para a sobrevivência e o desenvolvimento de plantas micropropagadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) e rizobactérias promotores de crescimento de plantas (RPCP), isolados e/ou combinados (em dupla inoculação) na aclimatização de Zingiber spectabile Griff. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação utilizando tubetes de 300 mL e pó da casca de coco (Amafibra ® ) como substrato. O delineamento foi do tipo inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos de inoculação com FMA [Glomus etunicatum (Ge) e a mistura de G. etunicatum com Gigaspora margarita (Ge/Gm)], dois tratamentos de inoculação com RPCP [Bacillus thuringiensis (HPF 14 ) e B. pumilus (HPS 6 )], quatro tratamentos com a combinação destes microrganismos [Ge+HPS 6 , Ge+HPF 14 , Ge/Gm+HPS 6 e Ge/Gm+HPF 14 ], e o tratamento-controle (não inoculado), em oito repetições. Após 90 dias de cultivo foram avaliados: percentual de sobrevivência, altura, área foliar, biomassa fresca e seca da parte aérea (BFA e BSA) e radicular (BFR e BSR), colonização micorrízica (CM) e conteúdo de macro e micronutrientes na parte aérea. A coinoculação (Ge/Gm+HPS 6 ) favoreceu significativamente a micorrização em relação aos demais tratamentos, e resultou em maior BFA em relação às plantas submetidas à inoculação com HPF 14 . Embora a sobrevivência das mudas na aclimatização tenha sido de 100%, de modo geral o desenvolvimento de Z. spectabile inoculado com HPF 14 isolado e/ou combinado com os FMA é inferior ao observado para as plantas controle. O resultado sugere que o uso dos microrganismos promotores do crescimento de plantas deve se feito com cautela, considerando a relação custo/benefício da aplicação.Palavras-chave: Glomeromycota, rizobactérias, Bacillus sp., micropropagação, plantas ornamentais. ABSTRACT ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND PLANT GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA IN THE ACCLIMATIZATION OF ZINGIBER SPECTABILEBeneficial microorganisms are important for survival and development of micropropagated plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), isolated and/or combined (in dual inoculation) on acclimatization of Zingiber spectabile Griff. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using containers of 300 mL and dust from coconut shell (Amafibra ® ) as substrate. The experimental design was completely randomized with two AMF treatments [Glomus etunicatum (Ge) and the mixture of G. etunicatum and Gigaspora margarita (Ge/Gm)], two treatments with PGPR inoculation [Bacillus thuringiensis (HPF 14 ) and B. pumilus (HPS 6 )], four treatments combining these microorganisms [Ge+HPS 6 , Ge+HPF 14 , Ge/Gm+HPS 6 and Ge/Gm+HPF 14 ] and a control treatment (not inoculated), with eight replicates. After 90 days survival percentage, height, leaf area, fresh and dry biomass of shoots (FBS and DBS) and roots (FBR and DBR), mycorrhizal colonization and content ...

Propagação in vitro de Zingiber spectabile

“…Similar results were also reported by Oliveira et al (2010) during the acclimatization of Z. spectabile, with the use of other substrates and inoculated with fungus arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Others species of Zingiberales (Etlingera elatior, Zingiber officinal, Heliconia velloziana) also presented great survival to acclimatization process (GIRARDI and PESCADOR, 2010;DAS et al, 2013;QUISEN et al, 2014;RODRIGUES et al, 2015).…”

“…However, there are not completed established protocol to in vitro Z. spectabile, just few studies in some steps of micropropagation of this species are available (FARIA and ILLG, 1995;OLIVEIRA et al, 2010;MOREIRA et al, 2012;NERY et al, 2015). In none of these studies were used seed to in vitro established and propagation.…”

Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Microbial Inoculants on the Growth, Rhizosphere Soil Properties, and Bacterial Community of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Annual Seedlings

“…Of these, Arthrobacter is a bene cial functional bacteria that can improve the IAA content and salt tolerance of plants (Velázquez-Becerra et al 2011). One of the important characteristics of the genus Bacillus is that it can produce spores with special resistance under adverse conditions, thus playing an active role in preventing plant diseases, improving plant resistance, and promoting plant growth (Oliveira et al 2010;Probanza et al 2002). Serratia is a bene cial bacteria that can tolerate heavy metals and repair plants, playing an important role in protecting the environment (76).…”

Rooting and acclimatization of micropropagated marubakaido apple rootstock using Adesmia latifolia rhizobia

“…The acclimatization experiment of Camellia sinensis inoculated with Azospirillum showed changes in the shoot length and fresh weight after a period of 90 days (Thomas et al 2010). (Oliveira et al 2010) observed an increase in the shoot and fresh-root weight of Zingiber spectabile inoculated with Bacillus pumillus after three months. In trials with rootstocks of Prunus, plant height effects were observed after a period of between 90 and 150 days after inoculation (Bonaterra et al 2003).…”