Genética de Coffea: XX. Resultados preliminares do tratamento de sementes de café com raios-X

Carvalho, A.; Filho, H. Antunes; Nogueira, Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/s0006-87051954000100032

Cited by 5 publications

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“…The data on the effects of radiation on germination of coffee seed, height of seedlings, and general morphological abnormalities, show trends similar to those reported by other coffee research workers (1,2,6).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Germination of Seed and Morphology of Seedlings of Puerto Rican Coffee, Coffea arabica L.

Singh-Dhaliwal¹,

Torres-Sepúlveda²

1961

JAUPR

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Seed lots from five individual tree selections of Puerto Rican coffee, Coffea arabica L., were irradiated with gamma-ray doses of 1,000 to 50,000 r, and neutron doses of 1 to 5 hours. Gamma-ray doses of 1,000 to 7,000 r raised the germination percentages of many of the seed lots and reduced those of others. Gamma-ray doses of 8,000 to 20,000 r reduced the germination percentages of all the seed lots approximately in direct proportion to the strength of the dose. Gamma-ray doses higher than 20,000 r completely inhibited the seed germination of all the seed lots. One of the seed lots had a 3-percent germination when treated with a neutron dose of 1 hour. All the other seed lots treated with neutrons failed to germinate. Gamma-ray doses of 1,000 to 5,000 r raised, and the higher doses lowered the average heights of the seedlings from the seed lots of Puerto Rican coffee selection 268. However, the radiations reduced the average heights of the seedlings from the seed lots of all other coffee selections in approximately direct proportion to the strength of the dose. Many seedlings from irradiated seed had abnormal leaves, branches, internodes, and so on. The frequency of abnormal plants and the degree of abnormality generally increased as the strength of the radiation dose increased.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Germination of Seed and Morphology of Seedlings of Puerto Rican Coffee, Coffea arabica L.

Singh-Dhaliwal¹,

Torres-Sepúlveda²

1961

JAUPR

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Mutation Breeding in Arabica Coffee

Ingelbrecht,

Espinoza,

Nielen

et al. 2023

Mutation Breeding in Coffee With Special Reference to Leaf Rust

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Coffee is a perennial (sub)tropical crop and one of the most valuable commodities globally. Coffee is grown by an estimated 25 million farmers, mostly smallholders, and provides livelihoods to about 125 million people. The Coffea genus comprises over 120 species. Two species account for nearly the entire world coffee production: C. arabica L. (Arabica coffee) and C. canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner (Canephora coffee) with the former supplying about 65% of the world’s consumption. Arabica coffee is a self-pollinated, amphidiploid species (2n = 4x = 44) whereas other Coffea species are diploid (2n = 2x = 22) and generally cross-pollinated. Induced mutagenesis using physical and chemical mutagens has been a successful strategy in producing over 3,300 mutant varieties in over 220 crop species with global impact. Spontaneous Arabica coffee mutants of significant economic importance have been found since the early 1900s, following the spread of Arabica coffee cultivation across the globe. However, Arabica coffee has so far not been improved through induced mutagenesis and studies on coffee mutagenesis are scarce. In this chapter, principles and practices of mutation-assisted breeding along with current breeding limitations of Arabica coffee are briefly reviewed, as an introduction to subsequent protocol chapters on mutation induction, advanced cell and tissue culture, Leaf Rust resistance screening and the application of novel molecular/genomics tools supporting mutation-assisted improvement and genetics research of Arabica coffee.

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Physical Mutagenesis of Arabica Coffee Seeds and Seedlings

Ghanim,

Bado,

Dada

2023

Mutation Breeding in Coffee With Special Reference to Leaf Rust

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Coffee, a perennial tropical crop, can be grown from seed or from cloned plants in the form of cuttings, grafts or tissue cultured plants. Arabica coffee is most commonly grown from seeds while Canephora is mostly grown vegetatively from cuttings and other propagules. Improving Arabica coffee through conventional breeding is seriously limited by the lack of genetic variation within the cultivated and wild species. Mutation breeding provides great potential to induce the novel genetic variation needed for Arabica coffee improvement. Here we present protocols for mutation induction of coffee seed and seedlings using the FAO/IAEA in-house gamma (60Cobalt) and X-ray (RS2400 irradiator) sources. Methods for mutation induction using gamma- and X-ray mutagenesis techniques are described. Methods for the preparation, seed quality control and post-radiation treatment of materials are also provided along with example data for radio-sensitivity testing of Coffea arabica seed under laboratory conditions.

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Genética de Coffea: XX. Resultados preliminares do tratamento de sementes de café com raios-X

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Germination of Seed and Morphology of Seedlings of Puerto Rican Coffee, Coffea arabica L.

Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Germination of Seed and Morphology of Seedlings of Puerto Rican Coffee, Coffea arabica L.

Mutation Breeding in Arabica Coffee

Physical Mutagenesis of Arabica Coffee Seeds and Seedlings

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