Translation and cultural adaptation of the Game Dice Task to Brazilian population

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The Game Dice Task (GDT) was developed to measure decision making under known risk. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the GDT to a Brazilian population. METHOD: After the GDT was translated and back-translated to Brazilian Portuguese and evaluated by eight bilingual judges, 175 Brazilian adults were divided into two groups - 160 healthy volunteers and 15 traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients - and had completed the GDT. RESULTS: Differences between genders, but not age, were observed in the healthy volunteer sample. Males more frequently chose a combination of three dice while females preferred four dice. TBI patients were more impulsive than healthy volunteers; they less frequently chose a combination of three dice and made more risky decisions. CONCLUSION: Because of the rigorous process used to translate and adapt the GDT and the differences observed between patients with TBI and healthy volunteers, the Brazilian GDT was considered satisfactory for research purposes.

Bad Choices Make Good Stories: The Impaired Decision-Making Process and Skin Conductance Response in Subjects With Smartphone Addiction

“…Game of Dice Task (GDT): In this study, we used a computerized version of GDT, which was developed by Brand et al (57) and validated for Brazilian use by Rzezak et al (58). In GDT the rules are explicit and stable for gains and losses as well as for the probabilities of winning throughout the test.…”

Substance related disorders are associated with impaired valuation of delayed gratification and feedback processing: A multilevel meta-analysis and meta-regression

“…(2) Some meta-analyses included multiple decision-making tasks with different conceptual frameworks within the same analysis (Biernacki et al, 2016). While the IGT is clearly a feedback processing decision paradigm where participants should implicitly (re)learn by trial and error, the Game of Dice Task can be categorized as decision under risk where the risks and the profits are explicit and can be estimated by the agents (Rzezak et al, 2012). On the other hand, the DD could be understood as decision under certainty, because the probability associated with the profit is always 100% and the task aims to depict choice preference as a function of the delayed reward.…”

La Toma de Decisión en el Traumatismo Craneoencefálico: Diferentes Paradigmas de Evaluación

“…Desta forma, buscouse um panorama sobre publicações a respeito do desempenho neurocognitivo de TD deste grupo clínico e sua relação com demais fatores socioclínicos e neuroanatomofuncionais. Dos 16 estudos incluídos, 13 evidenciaram prejuízos de TD em pacientes pós-TCE (Bonatti et al, 2008;Ellemberg, Leclerc, Couture & Daigle, 2007;Fonseca et al, 2012;Fujiwara et al, 2008;García-Molina et al, 2006;Levine, Blacke & Cheung, 2005;Malojcic, Mubrin, Corik, Susnic & Spilich, 2008;McHugh & Wood, 2008;Newcombe et al, 2011;Rzezak et al, 2012;Salmond, Menon, Chatfield, Pickard & Sahakian, 2005;Sigurdardottir et al, 2010;Wood & McHugh, 2013). Apenas 3 estudos, utilizando o IGT, não encontraram diferenças significativas entre os grupos (Homaifar et al, 2012;Levin et al, 2010;Van Noordt & Good, 2011).…”

“…Esta diferença pode ser ocasionada pelo fato de que esta tarefa não contém recompensas monetárias, como é o caso das outras tarefas aqui citadas; se a impulsividade em pacientes pós-TCE está relacionada à dificuldade de adiar ganhos, este traço não seria evidente em situações onde a possibilidade de um ganho é inexistente. Esta hipótese é corroborada pelo fato de que a grande maioria dos estudos que utilizaram tarefas de jogo envolvendo apostas, inclusive a Game of Dice Task (Rzezak et al, 2012), identificou padrões arriscados ou impulsivos nas decisões de pacientes com TCE.…”

“…A falta de controle sistemático sobre estas variáveis constitui uma importante limitação metodológica em alguns dos estudos incluídos na presente revisão. Algumas investigações descreveram entre os critérios de exclusão a ausência de quadros psiquiátricos por autorelato ou escalas (Ellemberg et al, 2007;Fujiwara et al, 2008;Levin et al, 2010;Levine et al, 2005;Rzezak et al, 2012;Wood & McHugh, 2013) ou efetuaram o controle porém não esclareceram o método empregado (Bonatti et al, 2008;García-Molina et al, 2006;Homaifar et al, 2012;McHugh & Wood, 2008;Newcombe et al, 2011;Salmond et al, 2005;Sigurdardottir et al, 2010). O estudo de Malojcic e colaboradores (2008) utilizou uma combinação de auto-relato, histórico médico e exames neuropsicológicos para diagnóstico, e o estudo de Fonseca e colaboradores (2012) utilizou uma entrevista clínica.…”