Semiologia neuropsicológica

Lefèvre, Beatriz Helena; Nitrini, Ricardo

doi:10.1590/s0004-282x1985000200001

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Aleksander R. Luria 19,20 and Norman Geschwind 21,22 were our main guides. 23 At that time, Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as Pick's disease were considered rare forms of presenile dementia, and the general public as well as most physicians considered that dementia of the aged was caused by arteriosclerosis. Today it seems a gross error, but it is necessary to remember that, even today, vascular changes are very common in cases diagnosed as AD, and that pure AD is less common than AD associated with other diseases, especially in the very old, as we will see in part 2.…”

Section: The Relatively Recent Pastmentioning

confidence: 99%

The past, present and future of Alzheimer's disease – part 1: the past

Nitrini

2023

Arq Neuropsiquiatr

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Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) was described in 1907, and since then it changed from a relatively rare condition to one of the most prevalent diseases. Objective To describe the evolution of the notions of dementias and AD, and to investigate the reasons for the increase in scientific interest in AD. Methods A historical analysis was carried out on knowledge about dementia, the site of mental activity, the relationships between brain diseases and mental activity, and on the advances in research about AD, since its discovery until the publication of the amyloid cascade hypothesis in 1992. A search was carried out in the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) for scientific articles that included the terms dementia or AD over 50 years, from 1972 to 2021. Results The scientific research on AD increased from 615 papers with the term AD in the first decade (1972-1981), to 100,028 papers in the last decade (2012-2021): an increase of 162.6 times whereas publications with the term dementia increased 28.6 times in the same period. In the 1960s and 1970s, a consensus was reached that AD is responsible for the majority of cases of dementia previously known as senile dementia. In the 1980s, beta-amyloid peptide was identified in the core of the senile plaque, hyperphosphorylated tau protein was found in neurofibrillary tangles, and a mutation was discovered in a hereditary form of AD. Conclusion The expansion of the concept of AD to include senile dementia, and the discoveries that occurred in the 1980s greatly expanded research in AD.

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Section: The Relatively Recent Pastmentioning

confidence: 99%

The past, present and future of Alzheimer's disease – part 1: the past

Nitrini

2023

Arq Neuropsiquiatr

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“…the cookie theft test from the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia battery) or the overlapping figures perception test. 34 The same neuropsychological tests employed to assess AD also appear to be applicable for VaD, with differences in quantitative and qualitative findings between the two diseases.…”

Section: Most Frequently Used Neuropsychological Batteries and Tests mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of neuropsychological assessment in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

Pimentel

2009

Dement. neuropsychol.

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The prevalence of dementia increases significantly from the age of 65 years, doubling every five years thereafter. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) constitute the two main dementia types. Differentiating them encompasses anamnesis, neurological examination, laboratory and neuroimaging exams and neuropsychological assessment. Neuropsychological assessment produces different findings for each dementia type, and reveals those areas most impaired as well as those most preserved. The aim of the present article was to describe the role of neuropsychology in diagnosing dementia and achieving a differential diagnosis between AD and VaD. A general overview follows of the most widely known instruments used to assess cognitive function in dementia, and the cognitive changes seen in AD and VaD. The conclusion drawn was that there is significant overlap in cognitive changes between both these dementia types, while each type has its own specific characteristics which are identifiable and quantifiable on neuropsychological assessments and provide the basis for reaching a differential diagnosis.

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Doença de Alzheimer: relação entre o tempo de doença e seu estadiamento

Facure

Castro

Menezes

1993

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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São analisados 49 pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de doença de Alzheimer, submetidos a avaliação neuropsicológica para estadiamento dia doença segundo a escala de Reisberg. Foi comparado o tempo de aparecimento dos sintomas ao estadiamento da doença. Em 28,5% dos pacientes nos estágios 3 e 4 a evolução foi prolongada, insidiosa, oligossintomática, apenas com deteriorização da memória. Para outro grupo de pacientes (12,2%), a evolução foi desde o início acrescida de manifestações mais graves com comprometimento práxico-gnóstico. Além da perda de memória, 34 pacientes vieram a apresentar distúrbios práxico-gnósticos, teindo 50% deles iniciado estas manifestações nos dois primeiros anos da doença. A análise dos dados sugere a ocorrência de dois subgrupos, um com evolução rápida e outro com evolução protraída. Sugere também que a evolução nos dois primeiros anos é crítica para caracterizar a severidade da progressão das manifestações clínicas da doença de Alzheimer.

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Semiologia neuropsicológica

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

The past, present and future of Alzheimer's disease – part 1: the past

The past, present and future of Alzheimer's disease – part 1: the past

Role of neuropsychological assessment in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

Doença de Alzheimer: relação entre o tempo de doença e seu estadiamento

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