Alimentary factors in the development of gastric intestinal metaplasia in functional dyspeptic patients

Abstract

-Context -Intestinal metaplasia of the stomach is a lesion in which metaplasia of gastric epithelial cells occurs for an intestinal phenotype. Gastric intestinal metaplasia is a lesion associated with an increase in the risk of gastric carcinoma development. Epidemiologic studies indicate a relation between dietary habits and stomach cancer development, some habits increasing the risk for it, and others have a protective effect, suggesting that antioxidants, such as vitamins A, C, and E, decrease the risk of this type of cancer. The relationship of these alimentary factors and intestinal metaplasia is unknown. Methods -It is a case-control, observational study in which 320 patients with functional dyspepsia, divided in two groups, were assessed. The case I group (individuals with intestinal metaplasia) had their dietary pattern compared to that of the control group, constituted of individuals similar to those in the case group but without intestinal metaplasia, through a food frequency questionnaire. Results -The analysis of the dietary pattern of functional dyspeptic patients with intestinal metaplasia, and its comparison with those without intestinal metaplasia, showed a higher frequency of canned and smoked foods consumption in the first group and, on the other hand, a higher consumption of fruits and vegetables in patients without intestinal metaplasia. No effect of salt consumption was detected. Conclusions -The results obtained in this study suggest changes in the diet, with a decrease in the consumption of smoked and canned foods, and an increase in the consumption of fruits and vegetables, can lead to a diminution of gastric intestinal metaplasia cases.

Genomics and epidemiology for gastric adenocarcinomas

“…The low consumption of fruits has been associated with the occurrence of pre-neoplastic lesions and higher GAC and the use of sodium chloride as a foodpreservative has been found to be positively associated with the disease [49][50]. As suggested [51], diets that are rich in antioxidants, such as β-carotene and ascorbic acid, appear to help reducing the incidence of GACs.…”

“…Some authors showed that GAC-patients have a diet lacking complex carbohydrates, with high consumption of eggs, and low frequency of fresh fruits and vegetables [49][50][51][52]. The low consumption of fruits has been associated with the occurrence of pre-neoplastic lesions and higher GAC and the use of sodium chloride as a foodpreservative has been found to be positively associated with the disease [49][50].…”

Gastric Antral Mucosal Changes in Children With Intestinal Metaplasia

“…[5][6][7][8] Besides, an elevation in the pH of the gastric content, high salt diet, consumption of certain foods, smoking, and alcohol consumption have also been linked to gastric IM. [9][10][11][12][13] In adult patients, the most common pathologic finding in conjunction with gastric IM is H. pylori gastritis. 14 Reactive/ chemical gastropathy can also be seen.…”