Hepatic hyperplasia and damages induces by zearalenone Fusarium mycotoxins in BALB/c mice

Abstract

-Context -Zearalenone is a mycoestrogen and considered a mycotoxin. Objective -To establish whether zearalenone produced hepatotoxicity via oral administration. Methods -Zearalenone was orally administered at a dose of 50 μg, 100 μg and 200 μg ZEN/ body weight/daily, respectively, for 14 days to three groups of BALB/c mice. Diagnostic modalities used to evaluate hepatic damage and impaired hepatic function pre-and post zearalenone administration included hepatic marker enzyme activity, pentobarbital sleeping time, cytochrome P-450 activities and histopathologic evaluation of liver. Results -Significant histopathologic changes viz. sinusoidal congestion, cytoplasmic vacuolization, hepatocellular necrosis and neutrophil infiltration were observed after evaluating of liver section from each group after accumulated zearalenone exposure. Further, zearalenone exposure increased activities of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and lipid peroxides whereas activities of tissue glutathione and cytochrome P 450 were decreased as compared to control mice. Zearalenone also increased the sleeping time and decreased sleeping latency after pentobarbital through intraperitoneal route as compared to control mice which indicates that the impairment of hepatic metabolizing enzymes by zearalenone. Conclusion -Zearalenone is a potential hepatotoxin by oral route. Headings -Zearalenone. Hyperplasia. Liver, pathology. Mice.

Kaempferol Inhibits Zearalenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt-Mediated Nrf2 Signaling Pathway: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

“…In this study, we noticed a marked augmentation in ALT, AST and ALP levels in ZEA-injected mice compared to control mice, perhaps resulting from damage to the hepatocyte membrane. This may be due to ZEA-induced free radical damage in the lipid membrane of hepatocytes, as these enzymes in the cytosol are released into the bloodstream, indicating liver damage [41]. Nonetheless, pre-administration of KFL markedly decreased changes in these hepatic markers by ZEA via its membrane-stabilization properties against ROS-mediated oxidative hepatic injury.…”

Toxicity of zearalenone and its nutritional intervention by natural products

“…[76][77][78][79] The liver is an important target organ for exogenous toxic substances, such as ZEN, to enter the body, and it detoxifies and excretes the metabolites from the body. 80 On the one hand, ZEN intake causes liver histological changes as well as increased liver weight. 30,81,82 On the other hand, ZEN ingestion leads to changes in biochemical and antioxidant parameters.…”

Mycotoxins: The Hidden Danger in Foods

“…According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) report in 2014, the bioavailability of toxin is up to 80% in human and animals such as rats, rabbits, and pigs [66]. Moreover, recent works report ZEA is metabolized in the liver and has shown hepatotoxic, immunotoxic, carcinogenic, and nephrotoxic effect in animal tests [67][68][69]. As this mycotoxin possesses such consumer health risks, the European Union (EU) has prescribed the limits of ZEA (20-350 μg/kg) for various processed and unprocessed cereals [66].…”