A Cross-Sectional Screening Survey on the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Amongst the General Population of Rural Districts of Sindh, Pakistan

Asghar, Muhammad Sohaib; Rasheed, Uzma; Hassan, Maira; Mohammed, Akram; Yaseen, Rabail; Fayaz, Basmah

doi:10.1590/s0004-2803.202100000-26

Arq. Gastroenterol.

2021

DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.202100000-26

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A Cross-Sectional Screening Survey on the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Amongst the General Population of Rural Districts of Sindh, Pakistan

Muhammad Sohaib Asghar

Uzma Rasheed

Maira Hassan

et al.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Viral hepatitis is a global phenomenon, with the disease burden varying on a daily basis. Amongst chronic infections, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are egregiously linked to severe health-related complications, with a worldwide prevalence of 248 million and 71 million respectively. Amongst the developing world, a hand full of countries are exhibiting a gross decline in chronic viral infection prevalence, like Bangladesh. While countries such as India have a consistent prevalence, P… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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HBV prevalence in Sub-continental countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hogan,

Page,

Dixit

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major source of disease burden worldwide, with an estimated 296 million individuals living with infections worldwide. Although vaccine programs exist to control infections, certain sub-populations around the world continue to have very high prevalence of HBV infection. Methods A systematic search of studies of HBV published after 2010 was conducted for India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bhutan. Each paper was independently screened for risk of bias and inclusion. Data were extracted from included studies before being analysed to estimate pooled prevalence, and to conduct sub-group analyses. Random-effects models were used for estimating summary prevalence due to a high level of heterogeneity between studies, and funnel plots were combined with Egger’s test to assess publication bias. Meta-regression was conducted to investigate sources of between-study heterogeneity. Results The pooled prevalence of HBV across all studies was 3% (95% CI 0.02, 0.05). For countries with multiple studies, the pooled prevalence in India was 3% (95% CI 0.02, 0.04), in Pakistan 6% (95% CI 0.03, 0.09), in Bangladesh 5% (95% CI of 0.02, 0.12), and in Nepal 1% (95% CI 0.00, 0.08). There was some evidence of publication bias, and a high level of heterogeneity across studies. Risk of bias analysis found most studies to be of fair or moderate quality. Conclusions The prevalence of HBV among countries in the sub-continent was higher than the global average, but was not as high as some other regions. Countries with greater numbers of displaced persons had higher prevalence of HBV, with a wide range of prevalence between subpopulations likely reflecting differential uptake, and implementation, of vaccination programs.

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HBV prevalence in Sub-continental countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hogan,

Page,

Dixit

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Hepatitus C Guidelines

Akhter

2024

JRMC

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Hepatitis C is a global health problem affecting around 58 million people worldwide and killing almost 0.29 million in on one year [1]. The world has united to fight against this lethal disease in 2016 with a moto to eliminate hepatitis by 2030. To achieve this goal WHO’s World Health Assembly has set some targets and individual countries have developed their own strategies to achieve those targets [2]. Pakistan has the 2nd highest prevalence of hepatitis C in the world with 5.8% viremia positive patients [3]. Pakistan is amongst the few countries that have been assisted by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) to prevent and control Hepatitis[4]. With the availability of Direct Acting Antivirals(DAAs), the whole paradigm of treatment of hepatitis C has changed not only globally but also in Pakistan. However, the patients in Pakistan are unable to gain access to the latest DAAs at the pace, as they are available globally. International guidelines are being updated on regular basis as per global evidence, recommending such combinations which are not readily available to many parts of the world. Hence there is a dire need to develop national guidelines, keeping in consideration the efficacy of the drugs as well as their availability, in the broader canvas of achieving the targets of eliminating Hepatitis set by WHO. In this context, our consensus guidelines are an effort to fill the gap created because of upgraded scientific evidence and possible combinations available in our part of the world. Furthermore, quite some good research and evidence has also been shared in the literature from Pakistan during last five years (2016-2021). Hence a literature review has also been carried out to update our own epidemiologic data, risk factors and treatment responses to Hepatitis C in Pakistan.

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Clinical Management practice and Therapeutic Outcomes of Chronic Liver Disease patients in the Conflicted area of North Ethiopia

Shewatetak,

Yarlagadda,

Silakabattini

et al. 2024

RJPT

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Background: In the 21st century, low- and middle income, war prone and drought-prone areas in developing nations have seen a fast rise in the prevalence of chronic liver disease (CLD). An estimated 240 million people worldwide are infected with HIV, and 780,000 deaths are attributed to it each year, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Objective: We want to assess the efficacy of in-hospital care for CLD patients by verifying and evaluating current management practices. Method: A retrospective descriptive study of patients with chronic liver disease who were followed up on at Debre Berhan Hospital between July 2018 and January 2021 was conducted. Results: Out of a total of 209 patients tested, 127 (or 60.74%) were males aged 41.44±12.89 of years. Ascites complications were presented in over 44% of cases. Using the laboratory data, 65 patients (31.10%) and 71 patients (33.97%) were found to have abnormally high AST and ALT values on LFTs testing. AUROC analysis was carried out with a 95% CI for Child-Pugh of 0.61 (0.53-0.75, P=0.14), MELD 0.75 (0.63-0.72, P=0.26), and ALBI 0.53 (0.31-0.54, P=0.29). Conclusion: Based on the predictive data, 87 (41.63%) patients were successfully treated and released, whereas 57(27.27%) were recommended for further care, and 47 died due to co-morbid conditions. Although, the study period coincides with the COVID-19 pandemic, more analysis of the obtained data is necessary.

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A Cross-Sectional Screening Survey on the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Amongst the General Population of Rural Districts of Sindh, Pakistan

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

HBV prevalence in Sub-continental countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

HBV prevalence in Sub-continental countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hepatitus C Guidelines

Clinical Management practice and Therapeutic Outcomes of Chronic Liver Disease patients in the Conflicted area of North Ethiopia

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