The prevalence of ocular surface complaints in Brazilian patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension

Costa, Vital Paulino; Marcon, Ítalo Mundialino; Filho, Roberto Pedrosa Galvão; Malta, Roberto Freire Santiago

doi:10.1590/s0004-27492013000400006

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Specifically, our finding that approximately a third of patients on glaucoma drops complained of severe symptoms (by DEQ5 metric) is in line with previous frequency estimates of severe symptoms in 20–27% (by OSDI metric) [9,14,16]. Unique to our study was the assessment of dry eye specific QoL in patients using glaucoma medications.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Dry eye specific quality of life in veterans using glaucoma drops

Camp

Wellik

Tzu

et al. 2015

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Purpose To evaluate the frequency of ocular surface symptoms and their potential impact on dry eye specific quality of life (QoL) in patients using versus not using glaucoma medications. Material and methods The study was a single-center, cross-sectional survey of patients seen at the Miami Veterans Affairs (VA) ophthalmology and optometry clinics from June to August, 2010. Patients were invited to complete the Dry Eye Questionnaire 5 (DEQ5) and the Impact of Dry Eye on Everyday Life (IDEEL) at their visit. Of 1348 patients seen in the Miami VA eye clinics during this three-month period, 467 patients completed the DEQ5 and 391 responded to both questionnaires. Outcome measures comprised ocular surface symptoms and their impact on dry eye specific QoL in patients using versus not using glaucoma drops. Results An increasing number of glaucoma drops was significantly associated with an increased percentage of severe dry eye symptoms: no medications, 25% (n = 89/353); 1 or 2 medications, 27% (n = 17/62); 3 or more medications, 40% (n = 21/52); p = 0.03 (Armitage’s test for linear-trend in proportions). There was an association between increasing number of drops and decreasing emotional well-being scores (linear p < 0.001; quadratic p = 0.029). Black patients had higher dry eye symptoms and lower emotional QoL scores compared to white patients at every level of medication use. Conclusion An increasing number of glaucoma medications were associated with an increased frequency of severe dry eye symptoms and decreased emotional QoL. Additionally, dry eye specific emotional QoL was more severely affected in black versus white patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) as a measure of dry eye severity, approximately ¼ of patients using glaucoma drops complained of severe symptoms [9,10,14,16]. Furthermore, glaucoma medication use and its associated dry eye symptoms have been shown to affect QoL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry eye specific quality of life in veterans using glaucoma drops

Camp

Wellik

Tzu

et al. 2015

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several studies7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 have attempted to document the frequency of dry eye symptoms among glaucoma patients and healthy controls (Table 1). The majority of these studies used the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) to document these dry eye symptoms thereby allowing comparison between studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of topical intraocular pressure lowering medications on the ocular surface of glaucoma patients: A review

Asiedu¹,

Abu

2019

Journal of Current Ophthalmology

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Purpose To assess the literature on the effects of topical intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medications on the ocular surface. Ocular surface assessment in these patients is seldom a priority for most clinicians since the ultimate goal of management is to preserve vision. Methods A literature search of articles (English only) on the subject matter was conducted and their findings summarized. Results This review assesses the prevalence of dry eye symptoms in glaucoma patients on topical IOP-lowering medications. We extensively reviewed the effects of the preservatives and active ingredients in these medications on the ocular surface. In particular, the effects of benzalkonium chloride (BAK), a widely used preservative, on meibomian glands are explored. Also mentioned in this review is the association between duration of therapy and severity of dry eye symptoms. The role of the pH of medications in the development of ocular surface disease is also reviewed. Finally, we probed the occurrences of ocular allergic reactions with the use of topical IOP-lowering medications. Conclusions The preservatives and active agents in most topical glaucoma medications are implicated in the prevalence of ocular surface discomfort. Whilst clinicians involved in glaucoma care are encouraged to assess the ocular surface routinely, further studies are needed to demonstrate the contributions of other physiochemical properties of these medications to the development of ocular surface disease in these patients.

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“…Symptoms and signs of the dry eye syndrome are observed in ~15% of the elderly population and are reported in 48%–59% of medically treated patients with glaucoma. 9 – 12 Baudouin et al 13 reported that moderate or severe ocular dysfunction syndrome was found in 63% of patients with severe glaucoma and in 41% of those with mild glaucoma, with severity directly related to IOP. One of the six patients with glaucoma presented the symptoms of dry eye syndrome severe enough to need some form of treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves dry eye symptoms in patients with glaucoma: results of a prospective multicenter study

Tellez-Vazquez

2016

OPTH

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of a dietary supplement with a combination of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants on dry eye symptoms caused by chronic instillation of antihypertensive eye drops in patients with glaucoma.Patients and methodsA total of 1,255 patients with glaucoma and dry eye symptoms related to antiglaucoma topical medication participated in an open-label, uncontrolled, prospective, and multicenter study and were instructed to take three capsules a day of the nutraceutical formulation (Brudypio® 1.5 g) for 12 weeks. Dry eye symptoms (graded as 0–3 [none to severe, respectively]), conjunctival hyperemia, tear breakup time, Schirmer I test, Oxford grading scheme, and intraocular pressure were assessed.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of administration of the dietary supplement, all dry eye symptoms improved significantly (P<0.001) (mean 1.3 vs 0.6 for scratching, 1.4 vs 0.7 for stinging sensation, 1.6 vs 0.7 for grittiness, 1.0 vs 0.4 for tired eyes, 1.1 vs 0.5 for grating sensation, and 0.8 vs 0.3 for blurry vision). The Schirmer test scores and the tear breakup time also increased significantly. There was an increase in the percentage of patients grading 0–I in the Oxford scale and a decrease in those grading IV–V. Compliance was recorded in 62.5% of patients. In compliant patients, the mean differences at 12 weeks vs baseline of dry eye symptoms were statistically significant as compared to noncompliant patients.ConclusionDietary supplementation with Brudypio® may be a clinically valuable additional option for the treatment of dry eye syndrome in patients with glaucoma using antiglaucoma eye drops. These results require confirmation with an appropriately designed randomized controlled study.

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The prevalence of ocular surface complaints in Brazilian patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension

Abstract: A large proportion of Brazilian patients treated with 1 IOP-lowering therapy had some ocular surface complaints.

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Dry eye specific quality of life in veterans using glaucoma drops

Dry eye specific quality of life in veterans using glaucoma drops

The impact of topical intraocular pressure lowering medications on the ocular surface of glaucoma patients: A review

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves dry eye symptoms in patients with glaucoma: results of a prospective multicenter study

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