Long term follow-up of acute multifocal hemorrhagic retinal vasculitis (Blumenkranz syndrome): case report

Amaro, Miguel Hage; Roller, Aaron Brock; Motta, Cesar Tavares; Motta, Mário Martins dos Santos

doi:10.1590/s0004-27492011000500013

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Blumenkranz et al reported a series of seven patients who were treated using oral corticosteroids, azathioprine, panretinal photocoagulation, acyclovir and anticoagulants [ 1 ]. In a case report from Brazil, Amaro et al reported improved visual outcome over the long-term using panretinal photocoagulation and oral corticosteroids [ 2 ]. Bronner et al reported using intravitreal ganciclovir, oral corticosteroids, panretinal photocoagulation and vitrectomy to treat their patient with AMHRV [ 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once the diagnosis of AMHRV is clinically established, treatment should begin immediately to avoid complications including epiretinal membranes, retinal neovascularization, iris neovascularization, vitreous hemorrhage, optic neuropathy or neovascular glaucoma [ 1 , 2 ] resulting in visual loss. Currently, treatment options for AMHRV have included laser photocoagulation, oral corticosteroids, vitrectomy and intravitreal ganciclovir [ 1 – 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute multifocal hemorrhagic retinal vasculitis in a child: a case report

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAcute Multifocal Hemorrhagic Retinal Vasculitis (AMHRV) is a rare disease with unknown incidence that presents with abrupt onset of visual loss associated with retinal vasculitis, retinal hemorrhage, non-confluent posterior retinal infiltrates, vitreous cellular inflammation and papillitis in, otherwise, healthy adult individuals. The reported treatment options for Acute Multifocal Hemorrhagic Retinal Vasculitis are oral corticosteroids, intravitreal ganciclovir and laser photocoagulation or vitrectomy. We report a child with Acute Multifocal Hemorrhagic Retinal Vasculitis who was treated with aggressive immunosuppressive therapy resulting in a favorable visual outcome.Case presentationA retrospective case report of a 10-year-old African American girl who developed unilateral Acute Multifocal Hemorrhagic Retinal Vasculitis, which later on progressed bilaterally. We conducted a review of the clinical, laboratory and photographic records to evaluate her functional and anatomic outcome after aggressive immunosuppressive treatment. During the first 4 months of treatment of OD with intravitreal ganciclovir, intravitreal dexamethasone and systemic prednisone, the change in vision in OD improved from light perception (LP) to counting fingers (CF). During the next 18 months of aggressive systemic treatment of OD and the newly affected left eye (OS), the change in vision improved from CF in OD and CF in OS to 20/200 in OD and 20/80 in OS. Management during the 18-month interval included rituximab infusions, cyclophosphamide/methylprednisolone infusions, prednisone and mycophenolate.ConclusionsThis is the first reported case of Acute Multifocal Hemorrhagic Retinal Vasculitis occurring in a child. Ophthalmologists should be aware of the need to treat severe Acute Multifocal Hemorrhagic Retinal Vasculitis with aggressive immunosuppressive agents in collaboration with rheumatologists to obtain the best possible visual outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute multifocal hemorrhagic retinal vasculitis in a child: a case report

et al. 2016

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“…A cute multifocal hemorrhagic retinal vasculitis (AMHRV) is a rare disease with an unknown incidence that presents with abrupt onset of visual loss associated with retinal vasculitis, retinal hemorrhage, nonconfluent posterior retinal infiltrates, vitreous cellular inflammation, and papillitis in otherwise healthy adult. [1][2][3][4][5][6] A relationship between AMHRV and autoimmune disease has been presented; however, the exact pathophys-iology of AMHRV is still unknown. 1,2 Some studies hypothesize a viral etiology behind the disease, but few definitive evidence have been found.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%