Tear film and ocular surface alterations in chronic users of antiglaucoma medications

Baffa, Lina do Prado; Ricardo, José Reinaldo da Silva; Dias, Ana Carolina; Módulo, Carolina Maria; Braz, Alexandre Martins; Paula, Jayter Silva; Rodrigues, Maria de Lourdes Veronese; Rocha, Eduardo Melani

doi:10.1590/s0004-27492008000100004

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, significant cytotoxic effects on the ocular surface have been associated with the chronic use of these substances (23) . The most common preservative in commercial ophthalmological preparations for glaucoma and ocular surface diseases (irritations, allergies and infections) is benzalkonium chloride (BZK),usedin concentrationsvarying from 0.004% to 0.02% in multidose topical solutions (24). BZK is a quaternary ammonium compound with detergent, antibacterial and antifungal action as well as the ability to break the epithelial barrier of the ocular surface at the intercellular junctions, which would theoretically increase penetration and action of the active principle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lacrimal osmolaritu and ocular surface in experimental model of dry eye caused by toxicity

Marques¹,

Alves²,

Módulo³

et al. 2015

Revista Brasileira De Oftalmologia

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The authors declare no conflict of interest. Objetivo: Descrever um modelo animal de olho seco induzido pela aplicação tópica de cloreto de benzalcônio (BAC) e avaliar marcadores de ABSTRACT RESUMOPurpose: Describe an animal model of dry induced by topical instillation of BAK and evaluate ocular surface biomarkers and histological findings. Methods: Male Wistar rats were used. Topical instillation of 0.2% BAK eyedrops twice a day during 7 days, in the right eye of each animal, while the other eye was taken as control. After 7 days treatment, we performed evaluation of tear film osmolarity, the red phenol thread and ocular surface staining with fluorescein and lissamine green. Afterwards, the animals were sacrificed for tissue extraction and histological evaluation under optical microscopy and H&E staining. Results: Compared with untreated controls, the BAK-group presented tear secretion significantly decreased, increased ocular surface staining by fluorescein and lissamine green and tear film hyperosmolarity (p <0,05). Histological evaluation revealed epithelial thinning and estromal oedema. Conclusion: A toxicity animal model of dry eye induced by topical instillation of benzalkonium chloride, which presents corneal and ocular surface alterations, decreased tear film volume and tear hyperosmolarity as seen in dry eye condition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lacrimal osmolaritu and ocular surface in experimental model of dry eye caused by toxicity

Marques¹,

Alves²,

Módulo³

et al. 2015

Revista Brasileira De Oftalmologia

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“…However, the percentage of abnormal Schirmer’s tests was almost equal in both the PACG and control groups. Perhaps, lipid and mucin layers were more affected in the PACG patients treated with topical pressure-lowering drugs [43, 44]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Ocular Surface Disease in Asian Patients with Primary Angle Closure

Ling

Othman

Yan

et al. 2017

TOOPHTJ

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Objective:To evaluate the incidence of ocular surface disease (OSD) and to determine the effects of topical pressure-lowering drugs on ocular surface disease in primary angle closure patients.Methods:This was a cross-sectional comparative study comparing primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) patients (Group A) with primary angle closure and primary angle closure suspect (Group B). Group A was treated with topical pressure-lowering drugs; Group B was not. Data on ocular diagnosis and details of treatment were obtained from medical records. Ocular surface disease incidence was assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and from clinical signs using Schirmer’s test, tear break-up time and corneal fluorescein stain. Predictive Analytic Software 20 and STATA analysis software were used for statistical analyses.Results:Group A demonstrated a higher rate of OSD (OSDI 52.3%, Schirmer’s test 70.5%, tear break-up time (TBUT) 75%, corneal staining 77.3%) compared to Group B (OSDI 39.0%, Schirmer’s test 73.2%, TBUT 58.5% and cornea staining 14.6%) except for Schirmer’s test. There was a significant difference in mean score of OSDI (p=0.004), TBUT (p=0.008) and cornea staining (p<0.001) between two groups. Primary angle closure glaucoma treated with more than two medications and for more than three years had worse ocular surface disease parameters but without statistical significant difference.Conclusion:Ocular surface disease is common in PACG patients treated with topical pressure-lowering drugs. Topical pressure-lowering drugs caused significant OSD symptoms and signs except for tear production in PACG patients. Thorough evaluation of ocular surface disease is important to ensure appropriate treatment and intervention in PACG patients.

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“…[11][12][13] Prezervan içeren ve prezervansız beta blokerlerin etkilerini karşılaştıran bir çalışmada 3 aylık tedavi sonrası prezervan içeren damlanın uygulandığı grupta fluoresein ile belirgin kornea ve konjonktiva boyanması, göz kapağı eritemi, konjonktival hiperemi ve folikü-ler hiperplazi izlenmiştir. Gözyaşı kırılma zamanı ve Schirmer testinde anlamlı değişiklik saptanmıştır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

The Effects of Polyquad-Preserved Travoprost, Benzalkonium Chloride-Preserved Latanoprost, Purite-Preserved Brimonidine and Preservative-Free Tafluprost on Ocular Surface: A Rabbit Ocular Surface Study

Şahin¹,

Ocakoğlu²,

Seçkin³

et al. 2017

Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol

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Tear film and ocular surface alterations in chronic users of antiglaucoma medications

Cited by 43 publications

References 22 publications

Lacrimal osmolaritu and ocular surface in experimental model of dry eye caused by toxicity

Lacrimal osmolaritu and ocular surface in experimental model of dry eye caused by toxicity

Evaluation of Ocular Surface Disease in Asian Patients with Primary Angle Closure

The Effects of Polyquad-Preserved Travoprost, Benzalkonium Chloride-Preserved Latanoprost, Purite-Preserved Brimonidine and Preservative-Free Tafluprost on Ocular Surface: A Rabbit Ocular Surface Study

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