Amylin induces hypoglycemia in mice

Guerreiro, Luiz Henrique; Silva, Daniel D.A; Sola‐Penna, Mauro; Mizurini, Daniella M.; Lima, L.M.T.R.

doi:10.1590/s0001-37652013005000011

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The diabetic animal model used in the current work, a single, relatively low, i.p. injection of STZ, shows a low ability to secrete insulin even at high glycemia and also a slight resistance to insulin and has been characterized as a mixed model of DM1 and DM2 . This model is different from the alloxan‐induced diabetic rats described above as the latter is exclusively a DM1 model, normally responsive to insulin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic activity of Sedum dendroideum: Metabolic enzymes as putative targets for the bioactive flavonoid kaempferitrin

et al. 2014

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of a leaf extract and flavonoids from Sedum dendroideum (SD). Additionally, our goals were to establish a possible structure/activity relationship between these flavonoids and to assess the most active flavonoid on the glycolytic enzyme 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK). SD juice (LJ), a flavonoid-rich fraction (BF), and separately five flavonoids were evaluated intraperitoneally for their acute hypoglycemic activity in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. First, the major flavonoids kaempferol 3,7-dirhamnoside or kaempferitrin (1), kaempferol 3-glucoside-7-rhamnoside (2), and kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside-7-rhamnoside (3) were tested. Then, the monoglycosides kaempferol 7-rhamnoside (5) and kaempferol 3-rhamnoside (6) were assayed to establish their structure/activity relationship. The effect of 1 on PFK was evaluated in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue from treated mice. LJ (400 mg/kg), BF (40 mg/kg), and flavonoid 1 (4 mg/kg) reduced glycemia in diabetic mice (120 min) by 52, 53, and 61%, respectively. Flavonoids 2, 3, 5, and 6 were inactive or showed little activity, suggesting that the two rhamnosyl moieties in kaempferitrin are important requirements. Kaempferitrin enhanced the PFK activity chiefly in hepatic tissue, suggesting that it is able to stimulate tissue glucose utilization. This result is confirmed testing kaempferitrin on C2C12 cell line, where it enhanced glucose consumption, lactate production, and the key regulatory glycolytic enzymes. The hypoglycemic activity of kaempferitrin depends on the presence of both rhamnosyl residues in the flavonoid structure when intraperitoneally administered. Our findings show for the first time that a flavonoid is capable of stimulating PFK in a model of diabetes and that kaempferitrin stimulates glucose-metabolizing enzymes. This study contributes to the knowledge of the mechanisms by which this flavonoid exerts its hypoglycemic activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic activity of Sedum dendroideum: Metabolic enzymes as putative targets for the bioactive flavonoid kaempferitrin

et al. 2014

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“…Considering that the Swiss mouse is a suitable animal model for studies of regulation of glycemia and liver metabolism [16–19], in this study we evaluated the effect of the oral administration of hepatic glucose precursors on the glycemia and liver glucose production in mice subjected to IIH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Glutamine Is Superior Than Oral Glucose to Promote Glycemia Recovery in Mice Submitted to Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia

Santiago

Godoi-Gazola

Milani

et al. 2013

International Journal of Endocrinology

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The effect of the oral administration of blood glucose precursors on glycemia recovery and liver glucose production in fasted mice subjected to insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH) was investigated. IIH was obtained with increasing doses (from 0.5 to 2.0 U·kg−1) of intraperitoneal regular insulin where glycemia was evaluated from 0 to 300 min after insulin injection. The dose of 1.0 U·kg−1 showed the best results, that is, a clear glycemia recovery phase without convulsions or deaths. Thus, this dose was used in all experiments. Afterwards, mice submitted to IIH received orally by gavage: saline (control group), glucose (100 mg·kg−1), glycerol (100 mg·kg−1), lactate (100 mg·kg−1), alanine (100 mg·kg−1), or glutamine (100 mg·kg−1). It was observed that glutamine was more effective in promoting glycemia recovery if compared with glucose, lactate, glycerol, or alanine. In agreement with these results, the best performance in terms of liver glucose production was obtained when glutamine was used as glucose precursors. These results open perspectives for clinical studies to investigate the impact of oral administration of gluconeogenic amino acids to promote glycemia recovery during hypoglycemia.

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“…Indeed, GLP-1 levels have been shown to increase in procedures that enhance food consumption in rodents (Keleidari et al, 2018). Also, administration of amylin has been shown to produce a hypoglycemic state in healthy mice, suggesting that hypoglycemia may produce elevated amylin levels in rodents (Guerreiro et al, 2013). Lastly, the possibility exists that STZ-treated rats may display an altered metabolic rate of nicotine that could influence our nicotine IVSA results.…”

Section: Other Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Insulin modulates the strong reinforcing effects of nicotine and changes in insulin biomarkers in a rodent model of diabetes

Cruz

Flores

Uribe

et al. 2019

Neuropsychopharmacol.

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Ibarra, Francisco Flores, and Israel Garcia. Many thanks for their countless help, encouragement, and laughs throughout this time in graduate school. I could not have asked for a better group of people to work with. Lovingly, I would like to thank my parents, Gerardo Cruz and Carmen Rios, and my siblings, Narlin Cruz and Jerry Cruz, for their endless love and support for my life goals. Many thanks to my best friends, Jorge Abraham Rodriguez and Adrian Macias for their constant encouragement. Lastly and lovingly, I would like to thank Claudia Jane Woloshchuk for her immense patience, support, commitment, and for always be there for me throughout this time. All of their continuous reinforcement is the spark for my enthusiasm.

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Amylin induces hypoglycemia in mice

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Antidiabetic activity of Sedum dendroideum: Metabolic enzymes as putative targets for the bioactive flavonoid kaempferitrin

Antidiabetic activity of Sedum dendroideum: Metabolic enzymes as putative targets for the bioactive flavonoid kaempferitrin

Oral Glutamine Is Superior Than Oral Glucose to Promote Glycemia Recovery in Mice Submitted to Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia

Insulin modulates the strong reinforcing effects of nicotine and changes in insulin biomarkers in a rodent model of diabetes

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