The Role of the external mycelial network of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: III. a study of nitrogen transfer between plants interconnected by a common mycelium

Martins, Marco Antonio; Cruz, André Freire

doi:10.1590/s0001-37141998000400011

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Their disturbance may change the outcome of the plant coexistence due to decrease of nutrient uptake and transfer between plants Martins and Read, 1996;Malcová et al, 1999). In our experiment, after disturbance of ERM links significantly lower amounts of 32 P were detected in receiver plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native Grass Facilitates Mycorrhizal Colonisation and P Uptake of Tree Seedlings in Two Anthropogenic Substrates

Enkhtuya

Pöschl

Vosátka

2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Two microcosm experiments were conducted to study the role of extraradical mycelium (ERM) of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in establishment and growth of tree species used for revegetation in anthropogenic substrates. Inoculated or non-inoculated Acer pseudoplatanus, Alnus glutinosa or Salix purpurea seedlings were grown with Calamagrostis epigejos (a grass spontaneously colonising degraded ecosystems) in two substrates (fly ash and coal mine spoil) either in direct root contact or in rhizoboxes with interaction only via ERM network.In both experiments, inoculation with AMF mostly had a positive effect on the growth of trees and increased the aggregation of fly ash. When plants grew in direct root-to-root contact, grass presence negatively affected tree growth, but it significantly improved mycorrhizal development (colonization of tree seedlings, spore number and ERM length). When grass and tree roots interacted via the ERM network, tree seedlings were successfully colonised by the ERM spreading from the C. epigejos roots. Mechanical disturbance of the ERM links between plants reduced AMF development and tree height in both substrates, but tree shoot biomass was not affected. In fly ash, inoculated, non-disturbed treatments showed significant transfer of 32 P from the grass to the tree seedlings.It can be concluded that roots of A. pseudoplatanus, A. glutinosa or S. purpurea seedlings can be colonised from the ERM network radiating from quickly growing grasses, which can act as important agents for AMF distribution and facilitate mycorrhization of planted trees. In particular for willow, grass seems to be an essential nurse plant to achieve successful root colonisation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native Grass Facilitates Mycorrhizal Colonisation and P Uptake of Tree Seedlings in Two Anthropogenic Substrates

Enkhtuya

Pöschl

Vosátka

2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…Intercropping with legumes was found to increase protein content in cereal grains or shoots (Lauk and Lauk 2008;Lithourgidis et al 2007;Martin et al 1998). Some studies have indicated that N is being transferred from legumes to cereals via hyphal linkage (Johansen and Jensen 1996;Martins and Cruz 1998). Others have claimed that there was no obvious effect of hyphal linkage on N transfer (Hamel et al 1991;Ikram et al 1994;Reeves 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitated legume nodulation, phosphate uptake and nitrogen transfer by arbuscular inoculation in an upland rice and mung bean intercropping system

et al. 2008

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Intercropping of upland rice with shortduration grain legumes has major advantages in increasing crop yields and soil productivity. However, the contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizas, the common mutualistic symbiosis between most crops and mycorrhizal fungi, is not fully understood in intercropping systems. We assayed the contribution of inoculation of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus caledonium on nutrient acquisition and biomass yield. Using the method of plastic film and nylon net partition and tracing 15 N transferred between the intercropped upland rice (Oryza sativa ssp. Japonica Nipponbare) and mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Chuanyuan), we compared the intercropping, with separation of the whole root systems by a plastic film, with and without a barrier of nylon net to allow penetration of the fungal hyphae. Intercropping significantly improved the formation of arbuscular mycorrhizas, particularly in the upland rice roots. The improved formation of mycorrhizas by the intercropping increased total P uptake by 57% in rice, total P and N acquisition by 65% and 64% respectively in mung bean, and nodulation by 54% in mung bean. The percentage of total 15 N transfer from mung bean to rice leaves was increased from 5.4% to 15.7% by inoculation with AMF. In contrast, there was only 2.7% of 15 N transfer from rice to mung bean and no AMF effect on N transfer. It is concluded that cereal and legume crop intercropping increase mycorrhiza formation, which in turn improves nodulation, N and P acquisition and N transfer in the legumes.

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“…Results show that N transfer can occur, but there has been no agreement on the amount. In some cases, N transfer was small (£5%) Schuepp, 1992, 1993;Johansen and Jensen, 1996;Martin et al, 1991b), but in others N transfer accounted for as much as 10-20% of the N in the receiver plant (Bethlenfalvay et al, 1991;Haystead et al, 1988;Martins and Cruz, 1998;Van Kessel et al, 1985) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inclusion of fine mesh (25-60 lm) screens in the pot containing donor and receiver roots separated roots from one another but allowed arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae to form linkages between the root systems. Results generally indicate that mycorrhizal linkages enhance and may be required for N transfer (Bethlenfalvay et al, 1991;Schuepp, 1992, 1993;Haystead et al, 1988;Martins and Cruz, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Transfer Between Plants: A 15N Natural Abundance Study with Crop and Weed Species

et al. 2006

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An increasing amount of evidence indicates that N can be transferred between plants. Nonetheless, a number of fundamental questions remain. A series of experiments was initiated in the field to examine N transfer between N 2 -fixing soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) varieties and a non-nodulating soybean, and between N 2 -fixing peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) or soybean and neighboring weed species. The experiments were conducted in soils with low N fertilities and used differences in N accumulation and/or 15 N natural abundance to estimate N transfer. Mixtures of N 2 -fixing and non-nod soybean indicated that substantial inter-plant N transfer occurred. Amounts were variable, ranging from negligible levels to 48% of the N found in the non-nod at maturity. Transfer did not appear to strongly penalize the N 2 -fixing donor plants. But, in cases where high amounts of N were transferred, N content of donors was noticeably lowered. Differences were evident in the amount of N transferred from different N 2 -fixing donor genotypes. Results of experiments with N 2 -fixing crops and the weed species prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.) and sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia [L.] Irwin & Barneby) also indicated substantial N transfer occurred over a 60-day period, with amounts accounting for 30-80% of the N present in the weeds. Transfer of N, however, was generally very low in weed species that are known to be non-hosts for arbuscular mycorrhizae (yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. and Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri [S.] Watson). The results are consistent with the view that N transfer occurs primarily through mycorrhizal hyphal networks, and they reveal that N transfer may be a contributing factor to weed problems in N 2 -fixing crops in low N fertility conditions.

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The Role of the external mycelial network of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: III. a study of nitrogen transfer between plants interconnected by a common mycelium

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Native Grass Facilitates Mycorrhizal Colonisation and P Uptake of Tree Seedlings in Two Anthropogenic Substrates

Native Grass Facilitates Mycorrhizal Colonisation and P Uptake of Tree Seedlings in Two Anthropogenic Substrates

Facilitated legume nodulation, phosphate uptake and nitrogen transfer by arbuscular inoculation in an upland rice and mung bean intercropping system

Nitrogen Transfer Between Plants: A 15N Natural Abundance Study with Crop and Weed Species

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