Effects of nandrolone decanoate on femur morphology. Experimental study

Souza, Diogo Benchimol de; Brasil, Flávia Bittencourt; Marchon, Roger Gaspar; Félix-Patrício, Bruno

doi:10.1590/acb360507

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Studies show that anabolics do not affect bone quality, but speed up the strengthening process and increase bone callus formation after injury [ 124 ]. Souza et al [ 125 ] described that after administration of nandrolone decanolate, there was no increase in femoral weight or length and there was no difference in relation to the diameter of the epiphysis and the diaphysis. Marchi et al [ 126 ] found that nandrolone stimulated bone marrow production and it could be used in the treatment of aplastic anemia.…”

Section: Effect Of Anabolic Steroids On Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic Steroids in Fattening Food-Producing Animals—A Review

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Šťastný

Sládek

2022

Animals

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Anabolic steroids are chemically synthetic derivatives of the male sex hormone testosterone. They are used in medicine for their ability to support muscle growth and healing and by athletes for esthetic purposes and to increase sports performance, but another major use is in fattening animals to increase meat production. The more people there are on Earth, the greater the need for meat production and anabolic steroids accelerate the growth of animals and, most importantly, increase the amount of muscle mass. Anabolic steroids also have proven side effects that affect all organs and tissues, such as liver and kidney parenchymal damage, heart muscle degeneration, organ growth, coagulation disorders, and increased risk of muscle and tendon rupture. Anabolic steroids also have a number of harmful effects on the developing brain, such as brain atrophy and changes in gene expression with consequent changes in the neural circuits involved in cognitive functions. Behavioral changes such as aggression, irritability, anxiety and depression are related to changes in the brain. In terms of long-term toxicity, the greatest impact is on the reproductive system, i.e., testicular shrinkage and infertility. Therefore, their abuse can be considered a public health problem. In many countries around the world, such as the United States, Canada, China, Argentina, Australia, and other large meat producers, the use of steroids is permitted but in all countries of the European Union there is a strict ban on the use of anabolic steroids in fattening animals. Meat from a lot of countries must be carefully inspected and monitored for steroids before export to Europe. Gas or liquid chromatography methods in combination with mass spectrometry detectors and immunochemical methods are most often used for the analysis of these substances. These methods have been considered the most modern for decades, but can be completely ineffective if they face new synthetic steroid derivatives and want to meet meat safety requirements. The problem of last years is the application of “cocktails” of anabolic substances with very low concentrations, which are difficult to detect and are difficult to quantify using conventional detection methods. This is the reason why scientists are trying to find new methods of detection, mainly based on changes in the structure of tissues and cells and their metabolism. This review gathered this knowledge into a coherent form and its findings could help in finding such a combination of changes in tissues that would form a typical picture for evidence of anabolic misuse.

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Section: Effect Of Anabolic Steroids On Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic Steroids in Fattening Food-Producing Animals—A Review

Skoupá

Šťastný

Sládek

2022

Animals

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Experimental studies on androgen administration in animal models: current and future perspectives

Sessa

Esposito

Salerno

2022

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Obesity

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Purpose of reviewThis review aims to report the most recent (2020–2022) experimental scientific studies conducted on animal models, in order to highlight the relevant findings on the adverse effects related to androgen administration.Recent findingsForty-one studies published between January 2020 and July 2022 were selected. The majority of studies investigated the effects of one androgen, whereas only four studies analyzed the effects of two drugs. Nandrolone decanoate was the most investigated drug (20 articles), boldenone was tested in 8 articles, testosterone and stanozolol were used in 7 articles each, 17b-trenbolone, metandienone, and oxandrolone were tested in 1 article each. The articles clarify the adverse effects of androgen administration on the heart, brain, kidney, liver, reproductive and musculoskeletal systems.SummaryThe main findings of this review highlight that androgen administration increases inflammatory mediators, altering different biochemical parameters. The results concerning the reversibility of the adverse effects are controversial: on the one hand, several studies suggested that by stopping the androgen administration, the organs return to their initial state; on the other hand, the alteration of different biochemical parameters could generate irreversible organ damage. Moreover, this review highlights the importance of animal studies that should be better organized in order to clarify several important aspects related to androgen abuse to fill the gap in our knowledge in this research field.

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Effects of nandrolone decanoate on femur morphology. Experimental study

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Anabolic Steroids in Fattening Food-Producing Animals—A Review

Anabolic Steroids in Fattening Food-Producing Animals—A Review

Experimental studies on androgen administration in animal models: current and future perspectives

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