Serum total oxidant/anti-oxidant status, ischemia-modified albumin and oxidized-low density lipoprotein levels in patients with vitamin D deficiency

Abstract

Objective: Oxidative damage may be responsible for the pathogenesis and complications of many diseases. Vitamin D deficiency has been suggested as a potential mediator of various extra-skeletal pathologies. However, there are limited data on anti-oxidant properties of vitamin D. Materials and methods: Forty-one subjects with vitamin D deficiency and 30 healthy controls were enrolled into the study. The levels of total anti-oxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), highsensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and fibrinogen were measured in both groups. The measurements were repeated in 17 patients after the replacement of vitamin D. Results: Serum IMA and TOS levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001 and p = 0.035, respectively), while TAS levels were significantly lower in patients, compared to controls (p < 0.001). Additionally, fibrinogen was significantly higher in patients than controls (p = 0.003), while ox-LDL and hs-CRP levels were similar between two groups. After the replacement of vitamin D, TAS level significantly increased (p = 0.037), and TOS and fibrinogen levels significantly decreased (p = 0.043 and p = 0.010, respectively). Vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with IMA and fibrinogen levels (r = -0.500, p < 0.001 and r = -0.391, p = 0.002, respectively), although positively correlated with TAS levels (r = 0.430, p < 0.001). No correlation was found between vitamin D levels, and the TOS, ox-LDL and hs-CRP levels. Conclusions: In this study, while serum IMA, TOS and fibrinogen levels were increased, TAS levels were seen to be decreased in patients with vitamin D deficiency. These results suggest that oxidative/anti-oxidative balance shifts in favours of oxidative status in vitamin D deficiency. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(4):318-24

Vitamin D supplementation does not improve plasma thiol/disulfide homeostasis

“…In another study evaluating healthy adults, the total oxidant status and ischemia‐modified albumin, a marker of protein oxidation, were increased while the total antioxidant status was decreased in the vitamin D deficiency group . Vitamin D deficiency has also been associated with increased oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic rats, nutritional rickets, multiple sclerosis, and in healthy children .…”

Ischemia modified albumin levels in vitamin D deficiency

“…Baser et al [2] reported that the total antioxidant level decreased as IMA, total oxidant status, and fibrinogen levels increased in patients with a vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) in comparison with healthy individuals (>30 ng/mL).…”

“…Through acting on calcium and phosphorus metabolism, vitamin D also regulates bone metabolism [1,2]. Following dietary intake or its synthesis in the skin upon exposure to sunlight, vitamin D is transported to the liver.…”

“…Among these new roles, providing beneficial effects to cardiovascular functions through acting on the vascular smooth muscle cells, myocardium, and endothelium is quite significant [2]. A reduced level of vitamin D is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality [4].…”

Fibrinogen and Atherosclerosis

“…As regards the assessment of serum levels of vitamin B12 and vitamin D, in a recent study with a small sample, Baser et al 2 observed the association of vitamin D deficiency with high fibrinogen levels and pro-oxidative serum markers. Vitamin B12 deficiency, by hyperhomocysteinemia induction, also plays a role in the development of cardiovascular disease.…”