Effect of glycemic index on obesity control

Pereira, Elisângela Vitoriano; Costa, Jorge de Assis; Alfenas, Rita de Cássia Gonçalves

doi:10.1590/2359-3997000000045

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The results of a 10-week crossover study demonstrated that when subjects consumed a 56 g of almonds each day, they compensated for the energy provided by the almonds and reduced their food intake from other sources [ 11 ]. The effect on visceral body fat among the subjects in the PM group might suggest that almond consumption as a preload before the meal may be related with the insulin metabolism, which could be a topic of further studies, because body fat reduction in the abdominal region facilitates glycemic control [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of daily intake timing of almond on the body composition and blood lipid profile of healthy adults

Liu

Hwang²,

Ryu

et al. 2017

Nutr Res Pract

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESTiming of almond intake during a day may result differently in the perspectives of body composition and changes of lipid profile. The current study was conducted to compare the effects of daily almond intake as a preload versus as a snack on body composition, blood lipid profile, and oxidative and inflammation indicators among young Korean adults aged 20–39 years old.SUBJECTS/METHODSParticipants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a pre-meal almond group (PM), a snack almond group (SN) in which participants were instructed to consume 56 g of almonds either as a preload before meals or as a snack between meals, respectively, and a control group (CL) in which participants were provided high-carbohydrate iso-caloric control food. Measurements were performed at baseline, weeks 8 and 16.RESULTSA total of 169 (M 77/F 92) out of the 227 participants completed the study between June 2014 and June 2015 (n = 58 for PM; 55 for SN; and 56 for CL). A significant decrease in body fat mass was observed in the PM group at both weeks 8 and 16 compared with the CL. There were significant intervention effects on changes of body fat mass (P = 0.025), body fat percentages (P = 0.019), and visceral fat levels (P < 0.001). Consuming almonds as a daily snack reduced the levels of total cholesterol (P = 0.043) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P = 0.011) without changing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol compared with the CL.CONCLUSIONAlmond consumption as a preload modified body fat percentages, whereas snacking on almonds between meals improved blood lipid profiles. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03014531.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of daily intake timing of almond on the body composition and blood lipid profile of healthy adults

Liu

Hwang²,

Ryu

et al. 2017

Nutr Res Pract

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“…Several dietary interventions were designed to compare low GI or GL diets with their high GI or GL counterparts using crossover [ 18 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ] or parallel [ 24 , 38 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ] randomized designs ( Table 7 ). Among these studies, those with a crossover design were shorter in duration (10 days to 5 weeks per intervention phase), whereas parallel design interventions ranged from 45 days to 12 months in duration.…”

Section: Glycemic Index/glycemic Load and Cardiometabolic Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these studies, those with a crossover design were shorter in duration (10 days to 5 weeks per intervention phase), whereas parallel design interventions ranged from 45 days to 12 months in duration. Studies included adults with type 2 diabetes [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 70 ], healthy adults with diverse weight status [ 65 ], or overweight and/or obese but otherwise healthy adults [ 18 , 24 , 38 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 69 ]. Reports from interventions involving nutrition education in which the use of GI was compared to current dietary recommendations for patients with type 2 diabetes (e.g., American Diabetic Association guidelines [ 71 ]) were excluded from this review because participants in different treatment arms were given different diet recommendations, which resulted in diets with multiple incomparable factors aside from the GI or GL of the diet.…”

Section: Glycemic Index/glycemic Load and Cardiometabolic Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, HbA1c did not change with either diet. Two smaller-scale parallel studies of shorter duration involved randomizing overweight or obese adults to either a low GI diet or its high GI counterpart for 30 days ( n = 20, all with type 2 diabetes; 18–55 years old; 29.2 ± 4.8 kg/m 2 ) [ 70 ] or 45 days ( n = 19; 22–38 years old; 27–35 kg/m 2 ) [ 69 ]. Participants consumed two of their daily meals in the laboratory, with the rest of their food consumed under free-living conditions following recommendations for food selection based on GI lists.…”

Section: Glycemic Index/glycemic Load and Cardiometabolic Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relevance of the Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load for Body Weight, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease

2018

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Despite initial enthusiasm, the relationship between glycemic index (GI) and glycemic response (GR) and disease prevention remains unclear. This review examines evidence from randomized, controlled trials and observational studies in humans for short-term (e.g., satiety) and long-term (e.g., weight, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes) health effects associated with different types of GI diets. A systematic PubMed search was conducted of studies published between 2006 and 2018 with key words glycemic index, glycemic load, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, body weight, satiety, and obesity. Criteria for inclusion for observational studies and randomized intervention studies were set. The search yielded 445 articles, of which 73 met inclusion criteria. Results suggest an equivocal relationship between GI/GR and disease outcome. The strongest intervention studies typically find little relationship among GI/GR and physiological measures of disease risk. Even for observational studies, the relationship between GI/GR and disease outcomes is limited. Thus, it is unlikely that the GI of a food or diet is linked to disease risk or health outcomes. Other measures of dietary quality, such as fiber or whole grains may be more likely to predict health outcomes. Interest in food patterns as predictors of health benefits may be more fruitful for research to inform dietary guidance.

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“…Although biomechanical factors such as elevated BMI have been noted to play a role in knee and hand OA, some studies suggest that metabolic dysfunction in particular, as evidenced by elevated HgA1c levels, may play an even greater role in accelerated OA progression compared to weight alone [32][33][34]. Therefore, specific dietary recommendations should focus on reducing intake of foods with a high glycemic index [35] (potatoes, rice, sugar, processed foods, and foods with high trans-fat) and increasing intake of proteins, fruits, vegetables, monounsaturated fats (such as olive oil), and polyunsaturated fats (like flaxseed oil). Olive oil especially has demonstrated some evidence of reducing cartilage degeneration when combined with exercise [36].…”

Section: Weight Loss/diet Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Management: A Review of Current and Emerging Non-Pharmacological Approaches

Murphy

Robinson‐Lane

Niemiec

2016

Curr Treat Options in Rheum

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Pain Keywords Pain I Rehabilitation I Self-management I Behavior I Occupational therapy I Physical therapy Opinion statement Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability in the USA. Numerous clinical practice guidelines specify non-pharmacological strategies as the core management approach for OA. Although several of these strategies are efficacious, clinical practice remains primarily focused on analgesic use and invasive treatments such as joint replacements. This practice gap may be due to several factors such as a lack of accessibility or awareness of nonpharmacological interventions in clinical care, concentration on pain alone-which neglects other disability-related symptoms such as fatigue, and sleep difficulty, and placement of prevention and wellness with this lifelong disease as lower priority on the part of providers and payers. As referral patterns to rehabilitation for OA are scant, future research should focus on how to package established non-pharmacological interventions and increase accessibility at the point of care when patients are seeking services. Providers then would have the means to link patients to the plethora of community resources for OA management. Furthermore, a more holistic approach to symptom management that targets physical activity, diet, education, and behavior change is needed, with interdisciplinary healthcare professionals playing a larger role in tailoring non-pharmacologic interventions to individuals.

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Effect of glycemic index on obesity control

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

The effects of daily intake timing of almond on the body composition and blood lipid profile of healthy adults

The effects of daily intake timing of almond on the body composition and blood lipid profile of healthy adults

Relevance of the Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load for Body Weight, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease

Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Management: A Review of Current and Emerging Non-Pharmacological Approaches

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