Wind measurements using a LIDAR on a buoy

Nassif, Felipe Barros; Pimenta, Felipe M.; Assireu, Arcilan Trevenzoli; D'Aquino, Carla de Abreu; Passos, Júlio César

doi:10.1590/2318-0331.252020200053

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The H-1000XP fuel cell stack system is an air-cooled, lightweight, and compact PEMtype fuel cell. The H-1000XP was specially developed for the SHELL Eco-marathon event 27) . This fuel cell system is designed according to the SHELL Ecomarathon rules, which only requires a start-up in the form of a 12-13V battery to start and then use its own fuel.…”

Section: Pem Fuel Cell Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Test of 1 kW PEM Fuel Cell System to Determine Its Empirical Model

Fauziah,

Kurniawan,

Kurniasari

et al. 2023

Evergreen

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The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has a higher power density, so it is suitable to be utilized for powering electric vehicles (EVs) and supporting the grid's power balance and voltage stability. As its load will vary during operation, the PEMFC system have to manage the fuel feed following load variations. In this study, a dead-end anode-type PEMFC system with a rated power of 1 kW is used to investigate its performance under current loading rates of 0-28 A in steady-state conditions. From the test results, the empirical models were derived and simulated in MATLAB. The test is conducted by measuring the PEMFC stack's current, voltage, hydrogen flow rate, and purging behavior. The experimental results show a nonlinear correlation between stack current and voltage as well as its efficiency of hydrogen consumption to the electricity generated. The hydrogen flow rate exhibits a linear relationship to the generated power output in normal operation, neglecting the purging flow rate. Meanwhile, the total consumed hydrogen, including purging process, performs an exponential result which indicates more hydrogen was consumed for purging. Moreover, the observed purging behavior shows that the load current affects the purging interval time in an exponential decay manner. Some possible control methods are then discussed to control the hydrogen flow that dynamically follow the load variation and enable a not-complete purge; thus, the hydrogen consumption could be optimized and the excess hydrogen during the purging could be minimized.

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Section: Pem Fuel Cell Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Test of 1 kW PEM Fuel Cell System to Determine Its Empirical Model

Fauziah,

Kurniawan,

Kurniasari

et al. 2023

Evergreen

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, setting up a met mast taller than 100 m can be prohibitively expensive. To overcome these limitations, ground-based lidar technology has been widely adopted (Gottschall et al, 2021;Nassif et al, 2020). Lidar enables the capture of vertical wind profiles up to a height of 200 m, which is crucial for more accurate estimation of wind power production from modern large wind turbines (Leosphere, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of wind veer characteristics on complex terrain using ground-based lidar

Tumenbayar,

2023

Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.

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The wind direction shift with height significantly influences wind turbine performance, particularly in relation to terrain conditions. In this work, wind conditions at 12 measurement heights ranging from 40 m to 200 m using a ground lidar, Windcube V2, installed on a 16 m tall building were analysed to examine the characteristics of wind veer angles in complex terrain. The measurement campaign was carried out from January 1st to December 31st, 2022, in the southeastern part of South Korea. The terrain complexity around the ground lidar system was evaluated using the ruggedness index (RIX), whose result was 14.06 percent corresponding to complex terrain. The ground lidar measurements were compared with mesoscale data, EMD-WRF South Korea, for the data accuracy check. Wind veer frequencies and wind roses were derived to identify directional shifts with height. Furthermore, diurnal, monthly, and seasonal variations of wind veer characteristics were analysed. Wind shear exponent factor (WSE) and turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) were calculated, and wind veer profiles were constructed based on these parameters. The relative errors of wind speeds were analysed for rotor equivalent wind speed (REWS) and hub height wind speed (HHWS), with REWS with wind veer correction, REWSveer, as a reference. Additionally, atmospheric stability conditions were classified using WSE and TKE, and the vertical changes in wind veering were analysed according to the stability conditions. The findings reveal lower wind speeds exhibited larger wind veer values and fluctuations. The relative errors for the REWS and the HHWS were 0.04 % and 0.20 % on average, respectively. The study demonstrates that terrain conditions significantly impacted wind veer angles at heights below 100 m, whereas the influence diminished with increasing height above 100 m. The results could be helpful for wind farm developers to make decisions on the siting as well as the hub height of wind turbines on complex terrain

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Wind measurements using a LIDAR on a buoy

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Performance Test of 1 kW PEM Fuel Cell System to Determine Its Empirical Model

Performance Test of 1 kW PEM Fuel Cell System to Determine Its Empirical Model

Investigation of wind veer characteristics on complex terrain using ground-based lidar

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