La falibilidad de la captura del Estado en la evaluación de impacto ambiental en Chile

Abstract

Resumen Este texto desarrolla una crítica a la inevitabilidad de la captura del Estado, según lo proponen la teoría de la elección pública, en general, y la lógica de la acción colectiva de Mancur Olson, en particular. Para eso, se explican sus deficiencias metodológicas sobre sus predicciones, la evidencia que utiliza y su explicación insatisfactoria del comportamiento estratégico de los grupos. Luego, desde la teoría procesal administrativa de S. P. Croley, se realiza una crítica jurídica a la teoría de la elección pública, para demostrar que esta trata negligentemente los procedimientos administrativos. Después se prueba la falibilidad de la lógica de la acción colectiva usando dos casos de evaluación ambiental ocurridos en Chile; a saber: “El Morro” e “HidroAysén”. Se concluye que la captura en la evaluación de impacto ambiental, en los términos expuestos por la lógica de la acción colectiva, es susceptible de fallar en sus predicciones, por no considerar evidencia suficiente sobre los procedimientos administrativos.

Contribution of Lean Techniques to Industrialized Construction Adoption: A Barriers Mitigation Approach

“…The qualitative study was carried out based on the thematic content analysis (TCA) method to identify relationships between outcomes associated with Lean techniques and IC adoption barriers. The barriers identified by Ortega (2022), with high and very high impacts on the context of Chile, were taken as a basis for the analysis of the contribution of Lean techniques to the mitigation of the impacts of the existing barriers to the adoption of IC.…”

“…That is, we aimed to identify from the results the possible contribution of implementing Lean techniques to modifying the conditions constituted as barriers and, consequently, mitigation of their impact. In previous research (Ortega, 2022), existing IC adoption barriers have been identified, and their level of impact has been evaluated for the Chilean context. The barriers assessed as having high and very high impact have been previously grouped into cultural, quality, market, cost and finance, design and development, innovation and technology, skills, regulations, status, diffusion, and logistics.…”

Maturity Models in Off-Site Construction and Analysis of Lean Incorporation: Review

“…In the current research, OSC barriers identified in the context of the Chilean architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry are used as the main reference. According to Ortega (2022), low OSC adoption, to some extent, is attributed to the inability to objectively evaluate the benefits offered by OSC due to a lack of knowledge, technical skills, and experience related to this type of construction. In addition, all these challenges are enhanced in an AEC industry that is characterized by conservative behavior, in which innovative systems such as OSC seem to be a risk that many organizations do not need to assume.…”