Cognitive-behavioral therapy for treatment-resistant depression in adults and adolescents: a systematic review

Abstract

Objective To conduct a systematic review of literature on use and efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for treatment of treatment-resistant depression in adults and adolescents. Methods We performed a systematic review according to the Prisma Guidelines of literature indexed on the PubMed, SciELO, Psychiatry Online, Scopus, PsycArticles, Science Direct and the Journal of Medical Case Reports databases. Randomized controlled trials, open studies and case reports were included in the review. Results The searches returned a total of 1,580 articles, published from 1985 to 2017. After applying the inclusion criteria, 17 articles were selected, their complete texts were read and 8 were included in this review. Four of these studies were randomized controlled trials with adults, one of which covered a post-study follow-up period; two were randomized controlled trials with adolescents, one of which presented follow-up data; one was an open study; and one was a case report. The studies provide good quality and robust evidence on the topic addressed. Conclusions A combination of CBT with pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant patients shows a decrease in depressive symptoms. CBT can be an effective type of therapy for adults and adolescents with treatment-resistant depression.

Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Diabetes Distress, Depression, Health Anxiety, Quality of life and Treatment Adherence among patients with Type- II Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Control Trial

“…These ndings are consistent with the ndings of the previous studies [25]. CBT-based interventions helped the patients psycho-educate, motivate, and develop a better understanding of overcoming negative thoughts, emotions, and beliefs [39,40]. CBT effectively reduces diabetes distress that leads to emotional and behavioral burden and improves adherence to medication [41].…”

“…In our study, the post-test scores re ect that CBT effectively helped the patients develop a positive attitude toward life by defeating the negative attitude that helping the patients to decline their depression to a great extent [42,43].Our data support that CBT is an effective intervention and can be used as a treatment approach for managing Depression among T2DM [40]. Depression is ubiquitous that affects patients with diabetes.…”

Internalized skin bias: validation study to explore the impact of the internalization of social stigma on those with hidradenitis suppurativa

“…Thus, a more complete understanding of how constructs like ISB have on patients with HS can help guide clinicians to address better the mental well‐being needs of this particular population. Further, patients showing signs consistent with ISB can be referred for adjuvant mental health treatment such as cognitive‐behavioural therapy 32–36 …”

“…Further, patients showing signs consistent with ISB can be referred for adjuvant mental health treatment such as cognitive-behavioural therapy. [32][33][34][35][36]…”

Effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation alone or associated with antidepressants, psychotherapy or cognitive therapies for the management of major depression – a review on clinical trials

“…The main antidepressant effects are achieved by the potentiation of monoaminergic transmission and production of neurotrophic factors, with the respective positive actions on neuroplasticity and neurogenesis (Willner et al, 2013). Besides, psychotherapies are widely used as a non-pharmacological approach, particularly the cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), due to greater evidence of improvement (Cuijpers et al, 2013;López-López et al, 2019;Santoft et al, 2019;Zakhour et al, 2020). However, many patients with severe MD (i.e.…”