Early trauma, attachment experiences and comorbidities in schizophrenia

Gabínio, Thalita; Ricci, Thaysse Gomes; Kahn, Jeffrey P.; Malaspina, Dolores; Moreira, Helena; Veras, André Barciela

doi:10.1590/2237-6089-2017-0005

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Because childhood trauma occurs during a critical time for the development of social functioning skills, traumatic experiences can disrupt the development of these skills, resulting in lifelong difficulties in interpersonal functioning. For example, childhood trauma can disrupt the normative development of self‐awareness, social cognitive skills , and the ability to develop secure attachments to others , which have been linked to the development of negative symptoms . Consistent with this notion, in longitudinal studies of early psychosis, childhood trauma predicts social functioning difficulties in adulthood .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Severe childhood trauma and clinical and neurocognitive features in schizotypal personality disorder

Velikonja

Velthorst

McClure

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Literature suggests that childhood trauma increases vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, including schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). Yet, it remains unexplored whether childhood trauma predicts symptom load and the level of neurocognitive functioning in SPD. Method: We included 225 individuals with SPD and 127 healthy controls. Childhood trauma was evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and schizotypal traits were assessed using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire. Standard neurocognitive assessments covered six cognitive domains. Results: All types of reported childhood trauma were significantly associated with SPD, in a linear fashion. Severe sexual abuse showed the greatest magnitude of association with higher cognitive-perceptual load (e.g., ideas of reference, odd belief or magical thinking); severe emotional neglect was associated with interpersonal scores (e.g., excessive social anxiety, constricted affect) within the SPD group. SPD individuals who reported severe trauma showed worse cognitive functioning (i.e., working memory, verbal/visual learning and memory, as well as verbal fluency). Conclusions: Particular severe childhood trauma types were associated with higher cognitive-perceptual and interpersonal symptoms in SPD, along with worse cognitive functioning. These findings highlight the need for clinicians to enquire about childhood trauma in SPD patients, since unaddressed early adverse experiences may carry long-term negative consequences. Significant outcomes• Sexual abuse and emotional abuse were the types of childhood trauma most strongly associated with a SPD diagnosis, especially in severe forms.• Severe forms of sexual abuse showed the strongest magnitude of association with cognitiveperceptual traits, while severe emotional neglect showed the strongest magnitude of association with interpersonal symptoms (e.g., excessive social anxiety, constricted affect) among SPD.• Severe childhood trauma was associated with worse overall cognitive functioning among SPD. Limitations• The evaluation of childhood trauma was based on self-report measures.• A cross-sectional study design does not allow any conclusions about directionality of the associations between childhood trauma types and increased schizotypal personality disorder traits. Causality is compromised by the assumption that childhood trauma preceded the development of SPD.• The neurocognitive assessments were only completed for a subset of our sample, precluding more detailed analysis (e.g., exploring the associations between cognition and different trauma types, sex differences).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Severe childhood trauma and clinical and neurocognitive features in schizotypal personality disorder

Velikonja

Velthorst

McClure

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Trauma is also associated with increases in comorbid symptoms, such as irritability [26], depression [27], anxiety [27,28], and general distress [29] in FEP populations. A possible explanatory mechanism for this relationship is increased stress sensitivity and emotion dysregulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A History of Trauma is Associated with Aggression, Depression, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Behavior, and Suicide Ideation in First-Episode Psychosis

Grattan

Lara

Botello

et al. 2019

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The association between trauma and psychosis outcomes is well-established, and yet the impact of trauma on comorbid clinical symptoms—such as aggression, non-suicidal self-injury behavior (NSSIB), suicide ideation, and suicide behavior—for those with psychosis is unclear. To effectively treat those with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and a history of trauma, we need to understand the impact of trauma on their whole presentation. FEP participants were recruited from an Early Psychosis Program (N = 187, ages 12–35, 72.2% male). Clinicians gathered history of trauma, aggression, and suicide data, and rated current symptom severity and functioning. Data was coded using clinician rated measures, self-report measures, and retrospective clinical chart review. Regression analyses examined whether trauma was associated with a history of aggression, suicidal ideation, suicide behavior, NSSIB, symptoms, and functioning. Trauma was associated with aggression, aggression severity and type of aggression (aggression towards others). Trauma was also associated with depression severity, suicide ideation, most severe suicide ideation, and NSSIB. Trauma was not associated with suicide behavior, severity of suicide behavior or psychosocial functioning. Integrating trauma treatment into FEP care could reduce rates of depression, aggression, suicide ideation, and NSSIB for those with a history of trauma. To reduce suicide attempt occurrence and improve functioning, more research is needed.

show abstract

“…In some cases, it was suggested that these experiences might have provoked (entirely or in part) the subsequent development of a psychotic disorder. In fact, childhood trauma has been extensively investigated as a major risk factor for the development of psychosis in adult life (Catalan et al, 2017;Frissen et al, 2015;Gabínio et al, 2018;Luutonen et al, 2013;Turner et al, 2019). Moreover, recent studies suggest that depending on the type of abuse suffered in childhood, some symptoms may be given priority over others in psychotic disorder, possibly affecting the very phenomenology of the disorder (Isvoranu et al, 2017;Klarić & Lovrić, 2018) and the content of the hallucinations experienced (Peach et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This high rate of comorbidity might be explained by exposure to trauma, which has been reported by up to 80% of persons with psychotic symptoms (Catalan et al, 2017;Frissen, Lieverse, Drukker, van Winkel, & Delespaul, 2015;Gabínio et al, 2018;Luutonen, Tikka, Karlsson, & Salokangas, 2013;Turner et al, 2019). In fact, childhood trauma has been extensively investigated as a major risk factor for the development of psychosis in adult life (Catalan et al, 2017;Frissen et al, 2015;Gabínio et al, 2018;Luutonen et al, 2013;Turner et al, 2019). In addition, exposure to childhood trauma has been associated with worsened health outcomes (Klarić & Lovrić, 2018;Turner et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Following a FPE, approximately half of all patients experience posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and one in three experience full PTSD (Rodrigues & Anderson, 2017). This high rate of comorbidity might be explained by exposure to trauma, which has been reported by up to 80% of persons with psychotic symptoms (Catalan et al, 2017;Frissen, Lieverse, Drukker, van Winkel, & Delespaul, 2015;Gabínio et al, 2018;Luutonen, Tikka, Karlsson, & Salokangas, 2013;Turner et al, 2019). In fact, childhood trauma has been extensively investigated as a major risk factor for the development of psychosis in adult life (Catalan et al, 2017;Frissen et al, 2015;Gabínio et al, 2018;Luutonen et al, 2013;Turner et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

‘I do not know where it comes from, I am suspicious of some childhood trauma’ association of trauma with psychosis according to the experience of those affected

Hurtado

Villena

Quemada

et al. 2021

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Early trauma, attachment experiences and comorbidities in schizophrenia

Abstract: Children with an unstable early emotional life are more vulnerable to the development of psychopathology, such as panic anxiety symptoms. Traumatic events may also predict later schizophrenia.

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Severe childhood trauma and clinical and neurocognitive features in schizotypal personality disorder

Severe childhood trauma and clinical and neurocognitive features in schizotypal personality disorder

A History of Trauma is Associated with Aggression, Depression, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Behavior, and Suicide Ideation in First-Episode Psychosis

‘I do not know where it comes from, I am suspicious of some childhood trauma’ association of trauma with psychosis according to the experience of those affected

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About