Mindfulness in mood and anxiety disorders: a review of the literature

Abstract

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Review ArticleResumo Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo foi fazer uma revisão da literatura abrangendo o uso das diferentes abordagens da terapia baseada em mindfulness no tratamento dos transtornos de humor e ansiedade, incluindo suas habilidades e sua relação com a regulação emocional e com o medo da avaliação negativa. Métodos: Uma revisão de literatura foi realizada através de busca pelas bases científicas PubMed e PsycINFO, com as seguintes palavras-chave: mindfulness, transtornos do humor e transtornos de ansiedade. A pesquisa abrangeu os últimos 10 anos. A busca resultou em 532 artigos, sendo 24 selecionados e 16 incluídos nesta revisão. Resultados: Foram revisados seis artigos sobre programa de redução de estresse baseado em mindfulness, quatro artigos sobre terapia cognitiva baseada em mindfulness, e três sobre medo da avaliação negativa e regulação emocional. Todos os artigos abordaram mindfulness com relação aos transtornos de humor e ansiedade Conclusão: A literatura nessa área sugere que mindfulness é uma estratégia eficaz no tratamento dos transtornos de humor e ansiedade e é eficaz no protocolo de terapia em diferentes formatos, incluindo virtual. O uso de mindfulness continua a se expandir nos modelos científicos. Descritores: Mindfulness, transtornos do humor e transtornos ansiosos. AbstractIntroduction: The objective of this study was to conduct a review of the literature covering the use of different mindfulnessbased therapy approaches in treatment of mood and anxiety disorders, including mindfulness skills and mindfulness linked to emotional regulation and fear of negative appraisal. Methods: A review was conducted of literature identified by searching the scientific databases PubMed and PsycINFO with the following keywords: mindfulness, mood disorders, and anxiety disorders. The search covered the past 10 years. The search returned 532 articles, 24 were selected, their full texts were read, and 16 were included in this review. Results: Six articles about mindfulness-based stress reduction, four about mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and three about fear of negative appraisal and emotional regulation were reviewed. All of the articles covered mindfulness in relation to mood and anxiety disorders. Conclusions: The literature in this field suggests that mindfulness is an effective strategy for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders and is effective in therapy protocols with different structures including virtual modalities. Use of mindfulness in scientific models continues to expand.

Pilot-Testing of “Healthy Body Healthy Mind”: An Integrative Lifestyle Program for Patients With a Mental Illness and Co-morbid Metabolic Syndrome

“…Based on the qualitative data detailed above, the HBHM program in 2016 was remodeled and refined in consultation with a team of experts in the fields of psychiatry, endocrinology/cardiology, nutrition and dietetics, and exercise physiology. The program was designed to integrate five evidence-based components: lifestyle psychoeducation (13), exercise (theory and practicals) (14), diet and nutrition (theory and practical skills e.g., cooking demonstrations and label reading exercises) (15), motivation and goal setting skills (16), and mindfulness techniques (17) (see Table 3). Each week, for 12 weeks, participants attended a 6-h session at TMC, where content and practical exercises from each of the five modules was delivered by an exercise physiologist, dietitian and/or a GP (see Table 3 for examples).…”

“…No beneficial effect on participant's mental health was found despite incorporating meditation, goal setting, mindfulness, and motivation modules, which was a distinguishing feature of the program. This finding was surprising given mindfulness-based therapies have been consistently related to improvements in mood and anxiety in clinical populations (17). However, a recent lifestyle intervention for residential patients with a serious mental illness also found no positive changes on psychosocial outcomes (19).…”

Anxiety and Stress in Young Adults

“…Many other treatments have been evaluated for anxiety. Most recently, MBSR has been shown to have some effectiveness in anxiety treatment and can be recommended as having moderate effectiveness [19]. Mindfulness is defined as the practice of "paying attention in a particular way: on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally" [20].…”

The Diagnosis and Treatment of Anxiety Disorders

“…• Metacognitive therapy (29) • Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) (30) • Mindfulness-based techniques (31) • Noninvasive stimulation techniques, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) (32) • Physical activity and exercise (33).…”