Trait vs. state anxiety in different threatening situations

Leal, Pollyana Caldeira; Goes, Tiago Costa; Silva, Luiz Carlos Ferreira da; Teixeira-Silva, Flávia

doi:10.1590/2237-6089-2016-0044

Cited by 113 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…That is, participants with normal decision-making may have switched risk-taking and risk-avoidance adaptively under no temporal pressure according to changes in their anxiety profiles in a conflicting situation between the current penalty events and the remote task mission in the course of the IGT under information uncertainty without hints of deck types and an optimal strategy. Although the trait and state anxiety scores of the present participants yielded significant positive correlation ( r = 0.458, p = 0.007), its strength was not prominently high, suggesting that trait and state anxiety possess multidimensionality and may not be strongly correlated because the current situation was not completely compatible with ordinary-life anxious conditions that the participants tend to face (Endler et al, 1991; Leal et al, 2017). Such mild correlation between the two anxiety profiles may in turn leave a margin for partial dissociation between them, consequently yielding a dynamism of global and local decision-making.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Pre-specified Anxiety Predicts Future Decision-Making Performances Under Different Temporally Constrained Conditions

et al. 2019

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In real-life circumstances, people occasionally require making forced decisions when encountering unpredictable events and situations that yield socially and privately unfavorable consequences. In order to prevent future negative consequences, it is beneficial to successfully predict future decision-making behaviors based on various types of information, including behavioral traits and/or psychological states. For this prospective purpose, the present study used the Iowa Gambling Task, which simulates multiple aspects of real-life decision-making processes, such as choice preference, selection and evaluation of output feedback, and investigated how anxiety profiles predict decision-making performances under conditions with different temporal pressures on task execution. To conduct a temporally causal analysis, we assessed the trait and state anxiety profiles of 33 young participants prior to the task and analyzed their subsequent decision-making performances. We separated two disadvantageous card decks with high rewards and losses into high- and middle-risk decks, and calculated local performance indexes for decision-making immediately after salient penalty events for the high-risk deck in addition to traditional global performance indexes concerning overall trial outcomes such as final winnings and net scores. For global decision-making, higher trait anxiety predicted more risky choices solely in the self-paced condition without temporal pressure. For local decision-making, state anxiety predicted risk-taking performances differently in the self- and forced-paced conditions. In the self-paced condition, higher state anxiety predicted higher risk-avoidance. In the forced-paced condition, higher state anxiety predicted more frequent choices of the middle-risk deck. These findings suggest not only that pre-specified anxiety profiles can effectively predict future decision-making behaviors under different temporal pressures, but also newly indicate that behavioral mechanisms for moderate risk-taking under an emergent condition should be focused on to effectively prevent future unfavorable consequences when actually encountering negative events.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Pre-specified Anxiety Predicts Future Decision-Making Performances Under Different Temporally Constrained Conditions

et al. 2019

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“…Young (1991) emphasizes that it is not a permanent feature, and it is a reaction that is triggered by the conditions of a particular situation. Empirical research shows that the correlation between trait and state anxiety does exist (Moradi, et al 2015, Leal, et al 2017. Language learning anxiety is somewhat different from other forms of anxiety.…”

Section: Literature Review 21 Definitions and Types Of Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Speaking Anxiety and Language Proficiency among EFL at A University in Vietnam

Dung¹

2020

ijsshr

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The study examined 128 non-English majors who had finished one year of intensive English at university. The findings show that EFL students at Thai Nguyen University are at moderate level of speaking anxiety (M=67.45; n=128). The findings also indicated that the causes of speaking anxiety came from MSOSA4 (Fear of making mistakes), MSOSA8 (Fear of being laughed at), MSOSA9 (Lack of confidence), MSOSA20 (Fear of negative evaluation), and MSOSA14 (Fear of being the focus of attention). The study also found that students who had higher levels of anxiety gained lower academic proficiency in speaking. The mean of levels of proficiency for Low anxiety (M = 2.22, SD = 0.70) was significantly larger than that for High anxiety (M = 1.68, SD = 0.66), p = .002. The mean of levels of proficiency for Medium anxiety (M = 2.02, SD = 0.60) was significantly larger than that for High anxiety (M = 1.68, SD = 0.66), p = .026.

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“…STAI measures two aspects of anxiety: state anxiety and trait anxiety. While the former refers to transient anxiety resulting from an adverse event at a certain moment in time, the latter refers to a personal characteristic that describes the relatively stable tendency to perceive an adverse event as dangerous or stressful and to react to such events [40,41]. Given that state anxiety, trait anxiety, and general anxiety are different outcomes, a meta-analysis was conducted for each distinct outcome.…”

Section: Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of listening to the Holy Quran to improve mental disorders and psychological well-being: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Abd‐Alrazaq¹,

Malkawi²,

Maabreh³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Listening to the Quran is one of spiritual therapies that have been used for treating mental disorders. Many studies have been conducted to assess the effect of listening to the Quran on mental health and psychological wellbeing. Several reviews were conducted to summarise results of such evidence. However, they either focused on studies published in a certain country (Iran), focused on certain setting (intensive care unit), or were written by Persian language. Moreover, none of them synthesised results of studies statistically.Objective: The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of listening to the Quran to improve mental disorders and psychological well-being by summarizing and pooling the findings of previous literature.Methods: A systematic review was conducted to accomplish this objective. The search sources included 6 bibliographic databases (e.g., MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINHAL), the search engine “Google Scholar”, and backward and forward reference list checking of the included studies and relevant reviews. Two reviewers independently carried out the study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and quality of evidence evaluation. Results of the included studies were synthesized narratively and statistically, as appropriate.Results: Of 1724 citations retrieved, 11 studies met the eligibility criteria. Of these studies, 7 were included in meta-analysis. The evidence showed that listening to the Quran is significantly effective in improving state anxiety, trait anxiety, general anxiety, depression, stress and mental health. However, the evidence quality ranged from very low to low due to the high risk of bias, heterogeneity, and impression.Conclusion: Listening to the Quran has the potential to improve mental disorders and psychological well-being. Until high-quality studies approve its effect, health professionals and individuals should consider listening to the Quran as a complementary therapy to already available interventions. Researchers should conduct further studies to compare the effectiveness of reciting and listening to the Quran and Al-Ruqya Al-Shariya with active interventions on mental disorders and psychological well-being among Muslims and non-Muslims from different countries.

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Trait vs. state anxiety in different threatening situations

Cited by 113 publications

References 32 publications

Pre-specified Anxiety Predicts Future Decision-Making Performances Under Different Temporally Constrained Conditions

Pre-specified Anxiety Predicts Future Decision-Making Performances Under Different Temporally Constrained Conditions

Speaking Anxiety and Language Proficiency among EFL at A University in Vietnam

The effectiveness of listening to the Holy Quran to improve mental disorders and psychological well-being: Systematic review and meta-analysis

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