The effect of naproxen patches on relieving orthodontic pain by evaluation of VAS and IL-1β inflammatory factor: a split-mouth study

Abstract

Introduction: Pain related to orthodontic tooth movement is common and cause dissatisfaction and discomfort. Objective: The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of naproxen patches in pain control during orthodontic tooth separation, by means of visual analogue scale (VAS) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Methods: In this split-mouth triple-blind clinical trial, with 40 patients following separation, 5% naproxen or placebo patches were randomly placed on the upper right or left first molars every 8 hours. Pain intensity scores were determined after 2 and 6 hours, sleep time, 24 hours, days 2, 3 and 7 by the patients using a 100-mm VAS ruler. IL-1β levels in GCF were evaluated by ELISA at baseline, 1 and 24 hours and 7 days. Paired samples t-tests and two-way repeated measures ANOVA analysis of variance with a significance level of 0.05 were applied. Results: A total number of 30 patients (13 males and 17 females) finished the trial. Significant differences were found in pain scores (p< 0.0001) and IL-1β levels (p= 0.047) between naproxen and placebo groups. Lower pain scores were reported for the patients using naproxen patches at all time points, except 1 hour after separation. IL-1β levels were lower for the patients using naproxen patches only 1 hour after separation (p= 0.047). The peak of pain scores and IL-1β levels were calculated at 24 hours. Conclusion: In the light of VAS scores and IL-1β levels, naproxen patches reduced the pain caused by separator placement.

Effect of Method of Ligation on the Pain Perception During Orthodontic Treatment- A Rct using Conventional Metal and Dual Activation Self-Ligating Brackets

“…20 In the present study, few patients opted for pain relief with NSAIDs but the relief produced lasted for a shorter time interval after which recurrence of pain was noticed Similar findings were observed in few other studies. 18,21,22 . Other modalities including, photo biomodulation, low level laser therapy, vibration were noted to have a substantial level of pain reduction [23][24][25][26][27] .…”

A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Slot Size on Pain and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Orthodontics during the First Month of Treatment with Conventional and Low-Friction Brackets

“…This pain was analyzed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), divided from 0 to 10 with the terms "no pain" and "maximum pain" as extremes. The use of VAS is a method commonly used in orthodontic studies [13].…”