Plaque index and gingival index during rapid maxillary expansion of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate

Abstract

Objective: To assess, during rapid maxillary expansion, the plaque index (PI) and the gingival index (GI) of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate(UCLP) using Hyrax (HX) or inverted mini-Hyrax (IMHX) rapid maxillary expanders (RME) considering patients’ sex and age. Methods: PI (Quigley Index modified by Turesky et al) and GI (Löe and Silness) of 28 UCLP (11 females; 17 males: aged 8 to 15 years) submitted to daily RME activation were assessed before (T0) and 7 (T1), 28 (T2) and 90 (T3) days after activation. Log-linear models and Bonferroni correction were performed to analyze possible differences in PI and GI between RME, sexes or age groups over time. Results: Intra-group comparison revealed significant increases in PI of patients using HX (T0 < T2), IMHX (T0 < T3; T1< T3), males (T0 < T1; T0 < T2; T0 < T3) or aged 12-15 years (T0 < T1; T0 < T2; T0 < T3), and in GI of patients using IMHX (T0 < T3; T1 < T3), females (T1 < T3; T2 < T3) or aged 12-15 years (T0 < T3; T2 < T3). One inter-group difference in GI according to patients’ age (8-11 < 12-15; T1) was observed. Conclusions: Since a single difference between groups was encountered, the results of this study indicated that PI and GI during maxillary expansion were similar between HX and IMHX, sexes and the analyzed age groups. Therefore, orthodontists can use these RME in UCLP patients according to the patient’s necessity or their preferences.

Dental caries and periodontitis risk factors in cleft lip and palate patients

“…A recent study found that among the children with cleft the prevalence of dental caries was found to be 71.9% ( 13 ). When comparing tooth caries and periodontal status, several studies showed that DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) and dmft scores were significantly higher in the control group without CLP, while plaque and gingiva indices such as plaque index and the gingival bleeding index were higher in CLP group than the controls ( 14 – 17 ). Different types of CLP seem to be quite diverged.…”

Cross‐sectional evaluation of periodontal inflammation and oral hygiene status between fixed appliances and Invisalign in patients affected by craniofacial anomalies

“…This article is about the gingival parameters between traditional fixed appliances (FA) and Invisalign in a sample of 100 patients affected by CFA. Due to the rare occurrence of these syndromes, few studies on the oral health status of these individuals are available in the literature, and none on the hygiene in CFA treated with aligners 32 …”

Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate—A Systematic Review

“…Individuals with CLP may have congenitally or developmentally missing teeth [ 7 ]. The scar tissues in the palatal area of CLP patients not only affects oral hygiene but also alters the transverse and sagittal growth of the maxilla [ 8 , 9 ]. As a result, there is a subsequent decrease in the transverse dimension of the arch, especially in the anterior region [ 9 ].…”

“…The scar tissues in the palatal area of CLP patients not only affects oral hygiene but also alters the transverse and sagittal growth of the maxilla [ 8 , 9 ]. As a result, there is a subsequent decrease in the transverse dimension of the arch, especially in the anterior region [ 9 ]. The non-syndromic cleft lip and palate with or without palate (NSCL-P) is a major health concern that has an impact on affected individuals and their families’ quality of life, socioeconomic status, and psychological well-being.…”