Peri-implant evaluation of osseointegrated implants subjected to orthodontic forces: results after three years of functional loading

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to clinically and radiographically assess the peri-implant conditions of implants used as orthodontic anchorage. Methods: Two groups were studied: 1) a test group in which osseointegrated implants were used as orthodontic anchorage, with the application of 200-cN force; and 2) a control group in which implants were not subjected to orthodontic force, but supported a screw-retained prosthesis. Clinical evaluations were performed three, six and nine months after prosthesis installation and 1- and 3-year follow-up examinations. Intraoral periapical radiographs were obtained 30 days after surgical implant placement, at the time of prosthesis installation, and one, two and three years thereafter. The results were compared by Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in clinical probing depth (p = 0.1078) or mesial and distal crestal bone resorption (p = 0.1832) during the study period. After three years of follow-up, the mean probing depth was 2.21 mm for the control group and 2.39 mm for the test group. The implants of the control group showed a mean distance between the bone crest and implant shoulder of 2.39 mm, whereas the implants used as orthodontic anchorage showed a mean distance of 2.58 mm at the distal site. Conclusion: Results suggest that the use of stable intraoral orthodontic anchorage did not compromise the health of peri-implant tissues or the longevity of the implant.

The application of orthodontic bone stretching for correcting malpositioned dental implants

“…This case series showed the conservation of the implant osseointegration despite bone- implant complex movement. Osseointegrated implants used as orthodontic anchorage showed a force resistance, without peri-implant bone changes in animal models or human use [ 31 , 32 ]. Melsen & Lang, in an animal study, have applied orthodontic forces of 100, 200, and 300 g in three different osseointegrated implant groups.…”

Immediate orthodontic load on dental implants: an option for adult treatment

“…21 The literature also points to the use of immediate load on these implants, since the orthodontic force, of small magnitude, would cause a very mild increase in stress at the bone-implant interface. 6,26 Marins et al 23 found that endosseous implants submitted to orthodontic forces over a 3-year period not only remained firm, but also sustained a healthy surrounding periodontal tissue.…”

“…Marins et al 23 conducted peri-implant evaluation of endosseous implants submitted to orthodontic forces and achieved success on 100% of implants submitted to 200cN forces, indicating that they may be safely used for prosthetic rehabilitation after orthodontic finalization. Similarly, Cravero and Ibañez 11 achieved 100% of success on 93 implants used in the maxilla and mandible.…”

A influência da força ortodôntica em implante submetidos a carga imediata

“…The implementation of the concept of osseointegration allowed a safe, predictable and durable solution for oral rehabilitation, thus stimulating the development of researches aimed at analyzing the use of dental implants for orthodontic anchorage without compromising the osseointegration (Linkonw, 1969;Majzoub et al, 1999;Saito et al, 2000;Melsen & Lang, 2001;Gotfredsen, Berglundh & Lindhe, 2001a;Gotfredsen, Berglundh & Lindhe, 2001b;Gotfredsen, Berglundh & Lindhe, 2001c;Huang, Shotwell & Wang, 2005;Oyonarte, Pilliar, Deporter & Woodside, 2005;Hsieh et al,2008;Cravero & Ibañez, 2008;Palagi et al, 2010;Ferrari et al, 2015;Podaropoulos et al, 2016;Marins et al, 2016;Rismanchian et al, 2017).…”

“…Most of these studies were performed using animal models (Linkonw, 1969;Majzoub et al, 1999;Saito et al, 2000;Melsen & Lang, 2001;Gotfredsen, Berglundh & Lindhe, 2001a;Gotfredsen, Berglundh & Lindhe, 2001b;Gotfredsen, Berglundh & Lindhe, 2001c;Huang, Shotwell & Wang, 2005;Oyonarte, Pilliar, Deporter & Woodside, 2005;Hsieh et al,2008;Ferrari et al, 2015;Podaropoulos et al, 2016;Rismanchian et al, 2017, assembling the histological analysis in addition to the clinical and radiographic analysis, while a few studies in humans (Cravero & Ibañez, 2008;Palagi et al, 2010;Marins et al, 2016) performed clinical, radiographic and Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) with the purpose of verifying the bone region around the implants, its stability and possible changes in the implant position.…”