Craniofacial skeletal pattern: is it really correlated with the degree of adenoid obstruction?

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the cephalometric pattern of children with and without adenoid obstruction. METHODS: The sample comprised 100 children aged between four and 14 years old, both males and females, subjected to cephalometric examination for sagittal and vertical skeletal analysis. The sample also underwent nasofiberendoscopic examination intended to objectively assess the degree of adenoid obstruction. RESULTS: The individuals presented tendencies towards vertical craniofacial growth, convex profile and mandibular retrusion. However, there were no differences between obstructive and non-obstructive patients concerning all cephalometric variables. Correlations between skeletal parameters and the percentage of adenoid obstruction were either low or not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that specific craniofacial patterns, such as Class II and hyperdivergency, might not be associated with adenoid hypertrophy.

Assessment of nasopharyngeal airway volume in pediatric patients with adenoid hypertrophy by cone-beam computerized tomography.

“…However, the limitation was that airspaces were evaluated on lateral radiographs; Feres et al, 30 found a relationship between the presence of adenoid hypertrophy with skeletal malocclusion II and mandibular hyperdivergence. Contrasting with these results, this study did not connect the presence of dentoskeletal deformities or clinical symptomatology with adenoid hypertrophy; volumetric measurement of the nasopharynx has an equal importance when determining adenoid hypertrophy, in this regard there are no data that assess that relation, thus it is still considered subject of future studies.…”

Força de mordida em respiradores bucais

“…The relationship between the magnitude of the bite force and the incidence of orofacial dysfunction with regard to nose breathers is ill-defined (6,15,23,24) . This study's cohort consisted of children at mixed stages of dentition.…”

Çocuklarda Ağız Solunumunun Kraniyofasiyal Gelişime ve Ağız Sağlığına Etkileri

“…Solunum yolu ve yüz gelişimi arasındaki ilişki multifonksiyoneldir ve tek bir parametre üzerinden değerlendirilmemesi gerekmektedir. Çalışmalarda Sınıf II oklüzyon ve hiperdiverjen gibi spesifik kraniyofasiyal paternlerin obstrüksiyonu bulunan hastalarda sıklıkla gözlenmesine karşın salt obstrüksiyon ile ilişkili olmayabileceği ve nefes alma modundaki değişikliklerde bireysel farklılıklar olabildiği vurgulanmaktadır (21,28,(37)(38)(39). Bu konuda bazı çalışmalarda farklı nöromusküler adaptasyonların sonucu olarak high angle yüz gelişimi üzerinde ağız solunumunun etkisine ilişkin kanıt bulunmadığı ve bu durumun multifonksiyonel değerlendirmeyi desteklediği öne sürülmüştür (40,41).…”