Invasive species and the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: how close has Brazil come to achieving Target 10?

Abstract

Target 10 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation establishes that "Effective management plans are in place to prevent new biological invasions and to manage important areas for plant diversity that are invaded" by 2020. The rationale for the target is that invasive alien species are a major threat to native plants, and thus should be excluded from areas reserved for the conservation of plant species, especially when endemic and/or threatened. In Brazil, although most management plans report the presence of invasive alien species and the need for management in federal protected areas, there are only a very limited number of management plans implemented. The national strategy on invasive alien species, published as CONABIO Resolution 05/2009, has not been implemented, so progress on policies and legislation focused on invasive alien species at the federal level has been slow. In order to reach an effective development of public policies in Brazil, federal environmental agencies must function as focal points and be in charge of coordinating actions aimed at (1) identifying priority areas for preventing and managing biological invasions, and (2) managing invasive alien species and reduce their impacts.

Controlling invasive plant species in ecological restoration: A global review

“…Many methodologies can help to control invasive plant species in restoration sites. Which approach is best depends on several factors such as the species being controlled, financial resources available (Kettenring & Adams, 2011), legislation (Dechoum, Sampaio, Ziller, & Zenni, 2018; Wagner et al., 2017) and even personal beliefs when it comes to chemical control. Each invasive plant species control method has many pros and cons, so expanding knowledge of this issue is critical to guide restoration decision‐making.…”

A priority-setting scheme for the management of invasive non-native species in protected areas

“…For instance, targets are established in international agreements such as the Convention on Biological Diversity. National regulations, such as the Law 9985/2000 in Brazil, prohibit the introduction of non-native species in certain protected areas and define protected areas as priorities for invasive species control (Dechoum et al 2018).…”

Regeneração natural de >i<Pinus>/i< spp. ao redor de populações experimentais e fatores envolvidos no processo de invasão

“…Há evidências de que para a disseminação de espécies arbóreas a presença de apenas um indivíduo pode ser suficiente para que o processo de invasão ocorra (KOLAR e LODGE 2002;LEUNG et al 2002; SANTANA e ENCINAS 2013). Um dos impactos ecológicos dessa invasão biológica é a homogeneização da Biota, que ocorre devido ao estabelecimento de espécies exóticas e à extinção de espécies nativas e endêmicas (OLDEN, 2006;ROSENBLAD e SAX, 2016;DECHOUM et al, 2018). Quando ocorre aumento da homogeneização da biota em diferentes regiões, a diversidade diminui em escala mundial (OLDEN, 2006;DECHOUM et al, 2018).…”

“…Internacional para a Conservação da Natureza e dos Recursos Naturais (IUCN) (BELLARD et al, 2016;DECHOUM, 2018).…”

“…Um dos impactos ecológicos da invasão biológica é a homogeneização da Biota, que ocorre devido ao estabelecimento de espécies exóticas e à extinção de espécies nativas e endêmicas (OLDEN, 2006;ROSENBLAD e SAX, 2016;DECHOUM et al, 2018). Quando ocorre aumento da homogeneização da biota em diferentes regiões, a diversidade diminui em escala mundial (OLDEN, 2006;DECHOUM et al, 2018). Segundo Pysek et al (2012) e Simberloff et al (2013), impacto ecológico consiste em qualquer mudança significativa em um padrão ou processo ecológico.…”