Flora of the cangas of Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil: Isoetaceae

Amazonia is one of the most diverse biomes worldwide, and, as well as luxuriant forest, it includes mountain areas which, despite their small surface area, display fascinating endemism. In these regions, the specificity of edaphic factors is mirrored by a highly specialised, isolated flora adapted to survive adverse conditions. The Serra dos Carajás in the Brazilian state of Pará is one of world's largest iron ore reserves. Known locally as canga, this ironstone formation occupies an area of 115.9 km 2 , and supports campo rupestre of canga vegetation on outcrops that are mostly in the Floresta Nacional de Carajás (FLONA of Carajás) and Parque Nacional dos Campos Ferruginosos (PNCF). The recent publication of the Flora of the cangas of Carajás lists 856 species of seed plants and 186 species of ferns and lycophytes. This project assessed the canga endemic species growing in the region, and further expeditions guided by SDM were carried out in order to ascertain their distribution outisde the area. Departing from an initial list of 58 putative endemics, the final list comprises 38 species of vascular plants (c. 4% of the local flora). These are distributed in 31 genera and 22 families, including three monotypic genera: Carajasia (Rubiaceae), Monogereion and Parapiqueria (Asteraceae). From these, 24 are classified as Rare Species for Brazil and seven as Highly Restricted Endemic (EEO < 100 km 2). An illustrated account is provided, as well as further SDM to detect other possible areas of distribution based on the studied species. The knowledge generated is aimed at directing appropriate conservation plans for the area.

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“…(Chautems et al, 2018), Isoetaceae, 2 spp. (Pereira et al, 2017), Leguminosae, 4 spp. (Mattos et al, 2018), Lentibulariaceae, 1 sp.…”

Section: List Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edaphic Endemism in the Amazon: Vascular Plants of the canga of Carajás, Brazil

et al. 2019

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“…Among those, the state of Pará has one of the highest numbers of macrophyte species records (Moura Júnior et al 2015). Yet despite numerous floristic studies and records of botanical clades that include macrophytes (Mota & Koch 2016;Mota & Wanderley 2016;Pereira et al 2017;Watanabe et al 2017;Lima 2018;Maciel-Silva et al 2018), the herbarium numbers are underestimated for this region (Moura Júnior et al 2015), and there is a lack of macrophyte surveys in altered areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of macrophytes in the Amazon deforestation arc: information on their distribution, life-forms and habits

et al. 2021

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The Amazon possesses the largest fluvial system on the planet, harboring a diverse biota. Still, many species remain undescribed, because of the Amazon’s immense scale and complexity, and because many habitats are now increasingly under pressure from anthropogenic activities. Macrophytes are important to physical and biological processes in aquatic ecosystems but remain poorly studied in Northern Brazil. The objective of this study was to provide a checklist of macrophyte species that occur in municipalities that form part of the Arc of Deforestation, Pará state, Brazil, bringing information on their habits and life-forms. We sampled 36 sites at three types of aquatic ecosystems (streams, ponds and lakes). In total, we recorded 50 species, 38 genera and 24 families. Most species were amphibious or emergent. Degraded streams have environmental characteristics similar to lentic habitats, which could provide more suitable habitats for macrophytes that otherwise would not occur in lotic habitats, thus explaining the higher diversity in these ecosystems. Macrophyte diversity in this region follows similar patterns to other Brazilian regions. This study contributes to the assessment of aquatic macrophytes in the Amazon, especially in more degraded regions, such as the Amazon deforestation arc.

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“…Foram incluídas mais de 151 famílias, abrangendo todos os grupos de plantas (Viana et al 2016). Com relação às samambaias e licófitas foram tratadas, ao todo, 22 famílias (Almeida 2017;Almeida et al 2017;Góes-Neto et al 2016;Moura & Salino 2016a,b;Moura et al 2016a,b;Pallos et al 2017a,b,c;Pereira et al 2017;Salino & Arruda 2016a,b,c,d,e;Salino 2018;Viveros & Salino 2017a,b).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Contribuições para a flora de samambaias da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil

et al. 2019

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Resumo Este estudo trata os táxons das famílias Athyriaceae, Lomariopsidaceae, Metaxyaceae e Saccolomataceae (Polypodiopsida) encontrados nas formações de Floresta Ombrófila Densa circunvizinhas às formações de canga da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, e conta com descrições, imagens, distribuição e comentários. Na área de estudo foram registradas oito espécies distribuídas em cinco gêneros.

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Flora of the cangas of Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil: Isoetaceae

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Edaphic Endemism in the Amazon: Vascular Plants of the canga of Carajás, Brazil

Edaphic Endemism in the Amazon: Vascular Plants of the canga of Carajás, Brazil

Diversity of macrophytes in the Amazon deforestation arc: information on their distribution, life-forms and habits

Contribuições para a flora de samambaias da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil

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