Rauvolfia anomala, uma nova espécie de Apocynaceae da Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso, Brasil

Rapini, Alessandro; Koch, Ingrid; Simões, André Olmos

doi:10.1590/2175-7860201061109

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…At least 16 species of vascular plants are apparently endemic to the Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso: Alstroemeria chapadensis (Alstroemeriaceae), Nephradenia filipes (Apocynaceae), Hypenia micrantha (Lamiaceae), Didymopanax cephalanthus (Araliaceae), Cuphea cuiabensis (Lythraceae), Mascagnia aptera (Malpighiaceae), Piriqueta lourteigiae (Turneraceae), Vochysia petraea (Vochysiaceae), Mimosa bipennatula (Fabaceae) (CNCFlora 2012; Flora do Brasil 2020 2021), Borreria guimaraesensis (Rubiaceae) (Cabral & Bacigalupo 2004), Fleischmannia matogrossensis (Asteraceae) (Robinson 2015), Fosterella lilliputiana (Bromeliaceae) (Leme et al 2019), Rauvolfia anomala (Apocynaceae) (Rapini et al 2010), Selaginella saltuicola (Selaginellaceae) (Valdespino et al 2015), Syagrus guimaraesensis (Arecaceae) (Noblick et al 2014), and Acisanthera saxatilis. Several of these narrowly endemic species are considered threatened (CNCFlora 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite these early efforts, biological studies in the Chapada dos Guimarães are still scarce. Several endemic taxa have been described from the Chapada in recent years; these include invertebrates (Vilela et al 2018;Garcia & Urso-Guimarães 2018), fish (Tagliacollo et al 2011), a burrowing snake (Santos et al 2018), lichens (Ferraro & Lücking 2003), lycophytes (Valdespino et al 2015) and flowering plants (Rapini et al 2010;Leme et al 2019). Here, we describe a new species of Acisanthera that is apparently endemic to rocky sandstone walls of the Chapada dos Guimarães.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A new saxicolous species of Acisanthera (Melastomataceae: Marcetieae) from Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Pacífico

Almeda

2022

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Acisanthera saxatilis is described, illustrated, and compared with putative relatives. The first specimen of this new species was collected 119 years ago by Oskar Andersson Gustaf Malme during his "second expedition Regnelliana". Acisanthera saxatilis is a little collected species apparently endemic to rocky sandstone formations in Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso state, Brazil. It differs from similar species by its perennial habit, lignotubers, isomorphic to slightly subisomorphic androecium, stamens positioned in a circle around the style during anthesis, antesepalous stamens with short connectives, small inconspicuous staminal appendages, and purple anthers. Photos of living specimens, a distribution map, scanning electron photographs of seeds and leaves, a preliminary conservation status assessment, as well as comments on vascular plant endemism at the Chapada dos Guimarães are provided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A new saxicolous species of Acisanthera (Melastomataceae: Marcetieae) from Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Pacífico

Almeda

2022

Acta Bot. Bras.

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“…Also particularly noteworthy was the recent collection of Nephradenia filipes Malme from the steep walls of the canyons of Chapada dos Guimarães, in the state of Mato Grosso. The species, collected by Malme in 1894 and described by himself in 1900, was also known only from its type collection, and was rediscovered in 2009, next to Rauvolfia anomala Rapini & Koch, a recently described species (Rapini et al 2010c).…”

Section: Asclepiadoideae In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy "under construction": advances in the systematics of Apocynaceae, with emphasis on the Brazilian Asclepiadoideae

Rapini

2012

Rodriguésia

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The Apocynaceae comprise approximately 5,000 species and are widely distributed. The family belongs to the Gentianales and can be easily recognized by the presence of latex and a style-head derived from the fusion of two carpels at the apex of the styles. The largest subfamily in Apocynaceae is Asclepiadoideae. Treated as the Asclepiadaceae for almost two centuries, it comprises about 3,000 species and is defined by stamens with bisporangiate anthers and pollen transferred in specialized units called pollinaria. Since the 19th century, floristic studies and taxonomic monographs have significantly contributed to the taxonomy of Brazilian Asclepiadoideae. Nevertheless, advances in understanding the internal relationships in the subfamily were not done until this millennium, with the popularization of phylogenetic studies based on molecular data and powerful computer analyses. Advances in the systematics of Apocynaceae have provided new interpretations on the morphological evolution and biogeography of the family and have led to important changes in its classification. Nevertheless, several taxonomic rearrangements are still needed and it can be said that the taxonomy of Apocynaceae is "under construction". In this article, the major taxonomic changes in the family are reviewed, with special attention given to the systematics of Neotropical groups. A cladogram of the Apocynaceae is presented, which highlights the phylogenetic position of the Brazilian genera and their diversity in number of native species. The main studies and the diversity of Asclepiadoideae in Brazil are summarized and perspectives for future research on the subfamily are presented.

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Systematics and character evolution of Vinceae (Apocynaceae)

Simões

Kinoshita

Koch

et al. 2016

TAXON

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Vinceae comprises 9 genera and about 153 species. The genera differ greatly in a number of morphological traits, especially those relating to fruit and seeds, which resulted in their placement in different tribes and/or subtribes by earlier taxonomists. Here, 378 new chloroplast DNA sequences from 98 species from 5 tribes of the rauvolfioid grade were analyzed phylogenetically to test the monophyly of Vinceae, its 6 subtribes, and constituent genera, as well as the sectional treatments of Rauvolfia, and to find morphological synapomorphies for major clades. Vinceae, as currently circumscribed, was found to be monophyletic as were four of the six subtribes. Kopsia and Ochrosia were confirmed as successive sister groups to the rest. All nine genera currently recognized in the tribe were resolved as monophyletic, Laxoplumeria and Tonduzia for the first time. The broad circumscription of Petchia and Ochrosia proposed by previous authors was supported. The pantropical genus Rauvolfia is divided into two major lineages: one comprised entirely of paleotropical species, and the other the neotropical species, a recurring geographic pattern in the family. Surprisingly, the Hawaiian species of Vinceae have probably arisen by two different trans‐oceanic routes, either by long‐distance dispersal from Australasian (Ochrosia spp.) or Caribbean (Rauvolfia sandwicensis) ancestors. Within Rauvolfia, most of the sections, series and subseries recognized in previous classifications are paraphyletic. Only 2 of the 14 sections of Rauvolfia proposed by Pichon and 1 of the 11 sections proposed by Rao that are not monospecific were found to be monophyletic. Mapping of 30 morphological characters onto the molecular tree identified an unlobed upper wreath on the style head as an unambigous synapomorphy characterizing the tribe as well as synapomorphies for each of its genera. The two earliest‐branching genera, Kopsia and Ochrosia, have dextrorse corolla lobe aestivation, in contrast to the sinistrorse corollas of the other Vinceae and the great majority of genera throughout the rauvolfioid grade. Drupes have arisen in parallel at least three times within Vinceae. The adaptations of the endocarp for water dispersal are possibly ancestral in the tribe, and the observed morphological differences between the drupaceous fruits of Kopsia/Ochrosia versus Petchia and Rauvolfia may be due to their abiotic versus biotic dispersal mode, respectively.

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Rauvolfia anomala, uma nova espécie de Apocynaceae da Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso, Brasil

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

A new saxicolous species of Acisanthera (Melastomataceae: Marcetieae) from Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil

A new saxicolous species of Acisanthera (Melastomataceae: Marcetieae) from Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Taxonomy "under construction": advances in the systematics of Apocynaceae, with emphasis on the Brazilian Asclepiadoideae

Systematics and character evolution of Vinceae (Apocynaceae)

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